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Knowing When to Ask: Self-Gated Clarification for Hierarchical Language Agents Collaborative Human-Agent Protocol (CHAP) Impedance MPC for Physical Human-Robot Interaction: Predictive Disturbance Rejection with Joint-Limit Safety Formalizing all indexed mathematics as a benchmark for general reasoning, with the example of implementing dilatations of categories Face versus Body Tracking for Human-Robot Interaction: An Egocentric Dataset What LLMs Must Forget to Teach Effectively: A DIY Approach to Premodern Japanese Language Pedagogy The New Social Image: How AI Competency and AI Proactivity Influence Self- and Peer-Perceptions in the Workplace Inform, Coach, Relate, Listen: Auditing LLM Caregiving Support Roles Visual Matters: Connecting Aesthetic Appeal and Production Quality of Photos, Infographics and Data Visualizations to Credibility of Social Media Posts Faster Completion, Less Learning: Generative AI Reduced Study Time on Math Problems and the Knowledge They Build Learning to Decide with AI Assistance under Human-Alignment Positive Alignment: Artificial Intelligence for Human Flourishing Sycophantic AI makes human interaction feel more effortful and less satisfying over time The Alignment Target Problem: Divergent Moral Judgments of Humans, AI Systems, and Their Designers Aligning Human-AI-Interaction Trust for Mental Health Support: Survey and Position for Multi-Stakeholders The Augmentation Trap: AI Productivity and the Cost of Cognitive Offloading Can LLMs Reason About Attention? 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From Philosophy to Interfaces: an Explanatory Method and a Tool Inspired by Achinstein's Theory of Explanation
Francesco Sovrano, Fabio Vitali · 2021-09-09 · via cs.HC updates on arXiv.org

We propose a new method for explanations in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and a tool to test its expressive power within a user interface. In order to bridge the gap between philosophy and human-computer interfaces, we show a new approach for the generation of interactive explanations based on a sophisticated pipeline of AI algorithms for structuring natural language documents into knowledge graphs, answering questions effectively and satisfactorily. Among the mainstream philosophical theories of explanation we identified one that in our view is more easily applicable as a practical model for user-centric tools: Achinstein's Theory of Explanation. With this work we aim to prove that the theory proposed by Achinstein can be actually adapted for being implemented into a concrete software application, as an interactive process answering questions. To this end we found a way to handle the generic (archetypal) questions that implicitly characterise an explanatory processes as preliminary overviews rather than as answers to explicit questions, as commonly understood. To show the expressive power of this approach we designed and implemented a pipeline of AI algorithms for the generation of interactive explanations under the form of overviews, focusing on this aspect of explanations rather than on existing interfaces and presentation logic layers for question answering. We tested our hypothesis on a well-known XAI-powered credit approval system by IBM, comparing CEM, a static explanatory tool for post-hoc explanations, with an extension we developed adding interactive explanations based on our model. The results of the user study, involving more than 100 participants, showed that our proposed solution produced a statistically relevant improvement on effectiveness (U=931.0, p=0.036) over the baseline, thus giving evidence in favour of our theory.