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PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
Additive Approximation Schemes for Low-Dimensional Embedd...
Prashanti Anderson, Ainesh Bakshi, Samuel B. Hopkins · 2025-09-12 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

We consider the task of fitting low-dimensional embeddings to high-dimensional data. In particular, we study the $k$-Euclidean Metric Violation problem ($\textsf{$k$-EMV}$), where the input is $D \in \mathbb{R}^{\binom{n}{2}}_{\geq 0}$ and the goal is to find the closest vector $X \in \mathbb{M}_{k}$, where $\mathbb{M}_k \subset \mathbb{R}^{\binom{n}{2}}_{\geq 0}$ is the set of all $k$-dimensional Euclidean metrics on $n$ points, and closeness is formulated as the following optimization problem, where $\| \cdot \|$ is the entry-wise $\ell_2$ norm: \[ \textsf{OPT}_{\textrm{EMV}} = \min_{X \in \mathbb{M}_{k} } \Vert D - X \Vert_2^2\,.\] Cayton and Dasgupta [CD'06] showed that this problem is NP-Hard, even when $k=1$. Dhamdhere [Dha'04] obtained a $O(\log(n))$-approximation for $\textsf{$1$-EMV}$ and leaves finding a PTAS for it as an open question (reiterated recently by Lee [Lee'25]). Although $\textsf{$k$-EMV}$ has been studied in the statistics community for over 70 years, under the name "multi-dimensional scaling", there are no known efficient approximation algorithms for $k > 1$, to the best of our knowledge. We provide the first polynomial-time additive approximation scheme for $\textsf{$k$-EMV}$. In particular, we obtain an embedding with objective value $\textsf{OPT}_{\textrm{EMV}} + \varepsilon \Vert D\Vert_2^2$ in $(n\cdot B)^{\mathsf{poly}(k, \varepsilon^{-1})}$ time, where each entry in $D$ can be represented by $B$ bits. We believe our algorithm is a crucial first step towards obtaining a PTAS for $\textsf{$k$-EMV}$. Our key technical contribution is a new analysis of correlation rounding for Sherali-Adams / Sum-of-Squares relaxations, tailored to low-dimensional embeddings. We also show that our techniques allow us to obtain additive approximation schemes for two related problems: a weighted variant of $\textsf{$k$-EMV}$ and $\ell_p$ low-rank approximation for $p>2$.