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cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
Universal Perfect Samplers for Incremental Streams
Seth Pettie, Dingyu Wang · 2024-07-06 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

If $G : \mathbb{R}_+ \to \mathbb{R}_+$, the $G$-moment of a vector $\mathbf{x}\in\mathbb{R}_+^n$ is $G(\mathbf{x}) = \sum_{v\in[n]} G(\mathbf{x}(v))$ and the $G$-sampling problem is to select an index $v_*\in [n]$ according to its contribution to the $G$-moment, i.e., such that $\Pr(v_*=v) = G(\mathbf{x}(v))/G(\mathbf{x})$. Approximate $G$-samplers may introduce multiplicative and/or additive errors to this probability, and some have a non-trivial probability of failure. In this paper we focus on the exact $G$-sampling problem, where $G$ is selected from the class $\mathcal{G}$ of Laplace exponents of non-negative, one-dimensional Lévy processes, which includes several well studied classes such as $p$th moments $G(z)=z^p$, $p\in[0,1]$, logarithms $G(z)=\log(1+z)$, Cohen and Geri's soft concave sublinear functions, which are used to approximate concave sublinear functions, including cap statistics. We develop $G$-samplers for a vector $\mathbf{x} \in \mathbb{R}_+^n$ that is presented as an incremental stream of positive updates. In particular: * For any $G\in\mathcal{G}$, we give a very simple $G$-sampler that uses 2 words of memory and stores at all times a $v_*\in [n]$, such that $\Pr(v_*=v)$ is exactly $G(\mathbf{x}(v))/G(\mathbf{x})$. * We give a ``universal'' $\mathcal{G}$-sampler that uses $O(\log n)$ words of memory w.h.p., and given any $G\in \mathcal{G}$ at query time, produces an exact $G$-sample. With an overhead of a factor of $k$, both samplers can be used to $G$-sample a sequence of $k$ indices with or without replacement. Our sampling framework is simple and versatile, and can easily be generalized to sampling from more complex objects like graphs and hypergraphs.