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PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
Removing Additive Structure in 3SUM-Based Reductions
Ce Jin, Yinzhan Xu · 2022-11-14 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

Our work explores the hardness of $3$SUM instances without certain additive structures, and its applications. As our main technical result, we show that solving $3$SUM on a size-$n$ integer set that avoids solutions to $a+b=c+d$ for $\{a, b\} \ne \{c, d\}$ still requires $n^{2-o(1)}$ time, under the $3$SUM hypothesis. Such sets are called Sidon sets and are well-studied in the field of additive combinatorics. - Combined with previous reductions, this implies that the All-Edges Sparse Triangle problem on $n$-vertex graphs with maximum degree $\sqrt{n}$ and at most $n^{k/2}$ $k$-cycles for every $k \ge 3$ requires $n^{2-o(1)}$ time, under the $3$SUM hypothesis. This can be used to strengthen the previous conditional lower bounds by Abboud, Bringmann, Khoury, and Zamir [STOC'22] of $4$-Cycle Enumeration, Offline Approximate Distance Oracle and Approximate Dynamic Shortest Path. In particular, we show that no algorithm for the $4$-Cycle Enumeration problem on $n$-vertex $m$-edge graphs with $n^{o(1)}$ delays has $O(n^{2-\varepsilon})$ or $O(m^{4/3-\varepsilon})$ pre-processing time for $\varepsilon >0$. We also present a matching upper bound via simple modifications of the known algorithms for $4$-Cycle Detection. - A slight generalization of the main result also extends the result of Dudek, Gawrychowski, and Starikovskaya [STOC'20] on the $3$SUM hardness of nontrivial 3-Variate Linear Degeneracy Testing (3-LDTs): we show $3$SUM hardness for all nontrivial 4-LDTs. The proof of our main technical result combines a wide range of tools: Balog-Szemer{é}di-Gowers theorem, sparse convolution algorithm, and a new almost-linear hash function with almost $3$-universal guarantee for integers that do not have small-coefficient linear relations.