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PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
Approximation Algorithms for Clustering via Weighted Impu...
Ferdinando Cicalese, Eduardo Laber · 2018-07-14 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

An impurity measures $I:{R}^k \to {R}^+$ maps a $k$-dimensional vector ${\bf v}$ to a non-negative value $I({\bf v})$ so that the more homogeneous ${\bf v}$, the larger its impurity. We study clustering based on impurity measures: given a collection $V$ of $n$ many $k$-dimensional vectors and an impurity measure $I$, the goal is to find a partition ${\cal P}$ of $V$ into $L$ groups $V_1,\ldots,V_L$ that minimizes the total impurities of the groups in ${\cal P}$, i.e., $I({\cal P})= \sum_{m=1}^{L} I(\sum_{{\bf v} \in V_m}{\bf v}).$ Impurity minimization is widely used as quality assessment measure in probability distribution clustering and in categorical clustering where it is not possible to rely on geometric properties of the data set. However, in contrast to the case of metric based clustering, the current knowledge of impurity measure based clustering in terms of approximation and inapproximability results is very limited. Our research contributes to fill this gap. We first present a simple linear time algorithm that simultaneously achieves $3$-approximation for the Gini impurity measure and $O(\log(\sum_{{\bf v} \in V} \| {\bf v} \|_1))$-approximation for the Entropy impurity measure. Then, for the Entropy impurity measure---where we also show that finding the optimal clustering is strongly NP-hard---we are able to design a polynomial time $O(\log^2(\min\{k,L\}))$-approximation algorithm. Our algorithm relies on a nontrivial characterization of a class of clusterings that necessarily includes a partition achieving $O(\log^2(\min\{k,L\}))$--approximation of the impurity of the optimal partition. Remarkably, this is the first polynomial time algorithm with approximation guarantee independent of the number of points/vector and not relying on any restriction on the components of the vectors for producing clusterings with minimum entropy.