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PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
The power of online thinning in reducing discrepancy
Raaz Dwivedi, Ohad N. Feldheim, Ori Gurel-Gurevich, Aaditya Ramd · 2016-08-10 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

Consider an infinite sequence of independent, uniformly chosen points from $[0,1]^d$. After looking at each point in the sequence, an overseer is allowed to either keep it or reject it, and this choice may depend on the locations of all previously kept points. However, the overseer must keep at least one of every two consecutive points. We call a sequence generated in this fashion a \emph{two-thinning} sequence. Here, the purpose of the overseer is to control the discrepancy of the empirical distribution of points, that is, after selecting $n$ points, to reduce the maximal deviation of the number of points inside any axis-parallel hyper-rectangle of volume $A$ from $nA$. Our main result is an explicit low complexity two-thinning strategy which guarantees discrepancy of $O(\log^{2d+1} n)$ for all $n$ with high probability (compare with $Θ(\sqrt{n\log\log n})$ without thinning). The case $d=1$ of this result answers a question of Benjamini. We also extend the construction to achieve the same asymptotic bound for ($1+β$)-thinning, a set-up in which rejecting is only allowed with probability $β$ independently for each point. In addition, we suggest an improved and simplified strategy which we conjecture to guarantee discrepancy of $O(\log^{d+1} n)$ (compare with $θ(\log^d n)$, the best known construction of a low discrepancy sequence). Finally, we provide theoretical and empirical evidence for our conjecture, and provide simulations supporting the viability of our construction for applications.