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PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
Optimal Gossip Algorithms for Exact and Approximate Quant...
Bernhard Haeupler, Jeet Mohapatra, Hsin-Hao Su · 2017-11-26 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

This paper gives drastically faster gossip algorithms to compute exact and approximate quantiles. Gossip algorithms, which allow each node to contact a uniformly random other node in each round, have been intensely studied and been adopted in many applications due to their fast convergence and their robustness to failures. Kempe et al. [FOCS'03] gave gossip algorithms to compute important aggregate statistics if every node is given a value. In particular, they gave a beautiful $O(\log n + \log \frac{1}ε)$ round algorithm to $ε$-approximate the sum of all values and an $O(\log^2 n)$ round algorithm to compute the exact $φ$-quantile, i.e., the the $\lceil φn \rceil$ smallest value. We give an quadratically faster and in fact optimal gossip algorithm for the exact $φ$-quantile problem which runs in $O(\log n)$ rounds. We furthermore show that one can achieve an exponential speedup if one allows for an $ε$-approximation. We give an $O(\log \log n + \log \frac{1}ε)$ round gossip algorithm which computes a value of rank between $φn$ and $(φ+ε)n$ at every node.% for any $0 \leq φ\leq 1$ and $0 < ε< 1$. Our algorithms are extremely simple and very robust - they can be operated with the same running times even if every transmission fails with a, potentially different, constant probability. We also give a matching $Ω(\log \log n + \log \frac{1}ε)$ lower bound which shows that our algorithm is optimal for all values of $ε$.