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cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
Minimum Stable Cut and Treewidth
Michael Lampis · 2021-04-27 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

A stable or locally-optimal cut of a graph is a cut whose weight cannot be increased by changing the side of a single vertex. In this paper we study Minimum Stable Cut, the problem of finding a stable cut of minimum weight. Since this problem is NP-hard, we study its complexity on graphs of low treewidth, low degree, or both. We begin by showing that the problem remains weakly NP-hard on severely restricted trees, so bounding treewidth alone cannot make it tractable. We match this hardness with a pseudo-polynomial DP algorithm solving the problem in time $(Δ\cdot W)^{O(tw)}n^{O(1)}$, where $tw$ is the treewidth, $Δ$ the maximum degree, and $W$ the maximum weight. On the other hand, bounding $Δ$ is also not enough, as the problem is NP-hard for unweighted graphs of bounded degree. We therefore parameterize Minimum Stable Cut by both $tw$ and $Δ$ and obtain an FPT algorithm running in time $2^{O(Δtw)}(n+\log W)^{O(1)}$. Our main result for the weighted problem is to provide a reduction showing that both aforementioned algorithms are essentially optimal, even if we replace treewidth by pathwidth: if there exists an algorithm running in $(nW)^{o(pw)}$ or $2^{o(Δpw)}(n+\log W)^{O(1)}$, then the ETH is false. Complementing this, we show that we can, however, obtain an FPT approximation scheme parameterized by treewidth, if we consider almost-stable solutions, that is, solutions where no single vertex can unilaterally increase the weight of its incident cut edges by more than a factor of $(1+\varepsilon)$. Motivated by these mostly negative results, we consider Unweighted Minimum Stable Cut. Here our results already imply a much faster exact algorithm running in time $Δ^{O(tw)}n^{O(1)}$. We show that this is also probably essentially optimal: an algorithm running in $n^{o(pw)}$ would contradict the ETH.