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文献 归档 | Jack's Space

Early tagging of cortical networks is required for the formation of enduring associative memory. Spontaneous changes of neocortical code for associative memory during consolidation. Hypothalamic modulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mice confers activity-dependent regulation of memory and anxiety-like behavior. Hippocampal-amygdala memory circuits govern experience-dependent observational fear Glutamatergic synapses from the insular cortex to the basolateral amygdala encode observational pain. Distinct signals in medial and lateral VTA dopamine neurons modulate fear extinction at different times. Amount of fear extinction changes its underlying mechanisms. VTA dopamine neuron activity encodes social interaction and promotes reinforcement learning through social prediction error.
Ripple-selective GABAergic projection cells in the hippocampus.
阿杰 Jack · 2022-05-04 · via 文献 归档 | Jack's Space
跳过内容

通讯作者

Ivan Soltesz

Introduction

  • SPW-R
    • Sharp-wave 成分由CA3的兴奋性传入树突诱发的同步性去极化
    • Ripple成分(120-200 Hz)被认为是由CA1锥体细胞(PC)和本地快速放电的的中间神经元(INs)之间的微环路互动产生的,这些神经元的活动是由与Sharp-wave相关的兴奋性输入启动的。
  • dlx5/6-Cre 小鼠,特异性标价GABA能中间神经元
  • Grik4-Cre 小鼠,特异性标记CA3的锥体细胞
  • Chrm2-tdT knock-in line小鼠特异性标记M2R阳性细胞
  • Chrm2-tdT knock-in line小鼠可以特异性标记TORO细胞

Results

  • 使用 juxtacellular recording,在CA1始层记录到Theta-On, Ripple Off的GABA能中间神经元(TORO cell)
    • 该细胞在theta时几乎不放电,在ripple时高放电,且放电略早与Ripple事件
  • 使用Allen Brain Observatory 的数据,发现TORO细胞只在海马中能被鉴别出来
  • 在dlx5/6-Cre中注射钙指示剂,小鼠上在一侧使用双光子钙成像,另一侧植入电极记录场电
    • 发现钙信号和ripple 事件相关,theta时几乎没有
    • 使用算法可以鉴别出在theta期间不活动,ripple活动的TORO细胞
    • 免疫组化发现,TORO细胞上都表达M2R (muscarinic type 2 receptors )
  • 作者也研究了小鼠在睡眠过程中的TORO细胞的活动
    • 发现,与ripple相关的awake rest和NREM期间细胞活动更高
  • Grik4-Cre小鼠的CA3注射ChR2,使CA3锥体细胞带上光敏通道,在CA1使用蓝光激活
    • 发现,相比于Non-TORO细胞,TORO细胞可以被蓝光激活
    • 说明TORO细胞接收CA3的兴奋性输入
  • 在dlx5/6-Cre小鼠的MS中注射ChR2的病毒,使MS的GABA能中间神经元带上光敏通道,在CA1使用蓝光激活投射
    • 发现,在REST时期给予蓝光时,TORO细胞的活动受到明显的抑制
    • 说明TORO细胞接收MS的GABA能输入
  • 由于TORO细胞为M2R阳性,因此使用Chrm2-tdT knock-in line小鼠可以特异性标记TORO细胞
    • 对其的下游进行示踪后发现,其对EC/HC/SUB/RSC/ACC/LS/DMS都有投射
  • Chrm2-tdT特异性标记TORO细胞,并对TORO细胞和本地的细胞进行双patch记录
    • 发现TORO细胞对本地的中间神经元如PV/CCK都有抑制性的作用
    • 但是对本地的锥体细胞几乎没有抑制作用

参考文献

Szabo, Gergely G., et al. “Ripple-selective GABAergic projection cells in the hippocampus.” Neuron (2022).