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cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
DeferMem: Query-Time Evidence Distillation via Reinforcem...
Jianing Yin, Tan Tang · 2026-05-21 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Large language model (LLM) agents still struggle with long-term memory question answering, where answer-supporting evidence is often scattered across long conversational histories and buried in substantial irrelevant content. Existing memory systems typically process memory before future queries are known, then retrieve the resulting units based on similarity rather than their utility for answering the query. This workflow leaves downstream answerers to denoise retrieved candidates and reconstruct query-specific evidence. We present DeferMem, a long-term memory framework that decouples this problem into high-recall candidate retrieval and query-conditioned evidence distillation. DeferMem uses a lightweight segment-link structure to organize raw history and retrieve broad candidates at query time. It then applies a memory distiller trained with DistillPO, our reinforcement learning algorithm for distilling the high-recall but highly noisy candidates into a set of faithful, self-contained, and query-conditioned evidence. DistillPO formulates post-retrieval evidence distillation as a structured action comprising message selection and evidence rewriting. It optimizes this action with a decomposed-and-gated reward pipeline and structure-aligned advantage assignment, gating reward components from validity to quality checks while exposing task-level correctness feedback early and assigning each reward to its responsible output span. On LoCoMo and LongMemEval-S, DeferMem surpasses strong baselines in QA accuracy and memory-system efficiency, achieving the highest QA accuracy with the fastest runtime and zero commercial-API token cost for memory operations.