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cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
Graph Tokenization for Bridging Graphs and Transformers
Zeyuan Guo, Enmao Diao, Cheng Yang, Chuan Shi · 2026-03-11 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

The success of large pretrained Transformers is closely tied to tokenizers, which convert raw input into discrete symbols. Extending these models to graph-structured data remains a significant challenge. In this work, we introduce a graph tokenization framework that generates sequential representations of graphs by combining reversible graph serialization, which preserves graph information, with Byte Pair Encoding (BPE), a widely adopted tokenizer in large language models (LLMs). To better capture structural information, the graph serialization process is guided by global statistics of graph substructures, ensuring that frequently occurring substructures appear more often in the sequence and can be merged by BPE into meaningful tokens. Empirical results demonstrate that the proposed tokenizer enables Transformers such as BERT to be directly applied to graph benchmarks without architectural modifications. The proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art results on 14 benchmark datasets and frequently outperforms both graph neural networks and specialized graph transformers. This work bridges the gap between graph-structured data and the ecosystem of sequence models. Our code is available at \href{https://github.com/BUPT-GAMMA/Graph-Tokenization-for-Bridging-Graphs-and-Transformers}{\color{blue}here}.