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cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
GSI Agent: Domain Knowledge Enhancement for Large Languag...
Shaohuang Wang · 2026-03-04 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Green Stormwater Infrastructure (GSI) systems, such as permeable pavement, rain gardens, and bioretention facilities, require continuous inspection and maintenance to ensure long-term performance. However, domain knowledge about GSI is often scattered across municipal manuals, regulatory documents, and inspection forms. As a result, non-expert users and maintenance staff may struggle to obtain reliable and actionable guidance from field observations. Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong general reasoning and language generation capabilities, they often lack domain-specific knowledge and may produce inaccurate or hallucinated answers in engineering scenarios. This limitation restricts their direct application to professional infrastructure tasks. In this paper, we propose GSI Agent, a domain-enhanced LLM framework designed to improve performance in GSI-related tasks. Our approach integrates three complementary strategies: (1) supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on a curated GSI instruction dataset, (2) retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) over an internal GSI knowledge base constructed from municipal documents, and (3) an agent-based reasoning pipeline that coordinates retrieval, context integration, and structured response generation. We also construct a new GSI Dataset aligned with real-world GSI inspection and maintenance scenarios. Experimental results show that our framework significantly improves domain-specific performance while maintaining general knowledge capability. On the GSI dataset, BLEU-4 improves from 0.090 to 0.307, while performance on the common knowledge dataset remains stable (0.304 vs. 0.305). These results demonstrate that systematic domain knowledge enhancement can effectively adapt general-purpose LLMs to professional infrastructure applications.