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cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models Do BERT Embeddings Encode Narrative Dimensions? A Token-Level Probing Analysis of Time, Space, Causality, and Character in Fiction Generating Multiple-Choice Knowledge Questions with Interpretable Difficulty Estimation using Knowledge Graphs and Large Language Models Deep-Reporter: Deep Research for Grounded Multimodal Long-Form Generation Too Nice to Tell the Truth: Quantifying Agreeableness-Driven Sycophancy in Role-Playing Language Models Learning and Enforcing Context-Sensitive Control for LLMs Efficient Process Reward Modeling via Contrastive Mutual Information Computational Lesions in Multilingual Language Models Separate Shared and Language-specific Brain Alignment Bridging Linguistic Gaps: Cross-Lingual Mapping in Pre-Training and Dataset for Enhanced Multilingual LLM Performance Early Decisions Matter: Proximity Bias and Initial Trajectory Shaping in Non-Autoregressive Diffusion Language Models LLMs Should Incorporate Explicit Mechanisms for Human Empathy
Context-Aware Hospitalization Forecasting Evaluations for...
Rhea Makkuni, Ananya Joshi · 2026-04-27 · via cs.AI updates on arXiv.org

Medical and public health experts must make real-time resource decisions, such as expanding hospital bed capacity, based on projected hospitalization trends during large-scale healthcare disruptions (e.g., operational failures or pandemics). Forecasting models can assist in this task by analyzing large volumes of resource-related data at the facility level, but they must be reliable for decision-making under real-world data conditions. Recent work shows that large language models (LLMs) can incorporate richer forms of context into numerical forecasting. Whereas traditional models rely primarily on temporal context (i.e., past observations), LLMs can also leverage non-temporal public health context such as demographic, geographic, and population-level features. However, it remains unclear how these models should be used to produce stable or decision-relevant predictions in real-world healthcare settings. To evaluate how LLMs can be effectively used in this setting, we evaluate three approaches across 60 counties with low-,mid-, and high-hospitalization intensities in the United States: direct LLM-based forecasting, classical time-series models, and a context-augmented hybrid pipeline (HybridARX) that incorporates LLM-derived signals into structured models. Because the goal is operational decision-making rather than error minimization alone, we evaluate performance with bias and lead-lag alignment in addition to standard forecasting metrics. Our results show that HybridARX improves over classical ARX by yielding more stable and better-calibrated forecasts, particularly when incorporating noisy contextual signals into structured time-series models. These findings suggest that, in non-stationary healthcare resource forecasting, LLMs are most useful when embedded within structured hybrid models.