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Google Research

Building AI to accelerate science and improve lives AI for everyone in every language Ask a Scientist: How can researchers use AI to spot a wildfire? A new deep learning model maps global methane emissions from space. Our new contrail avoidance trial in Asia-Pacific 5 amazing visuals show how the male fruit fly’s brain map is advancing neuroscience Ask a Scientist: How do researchers use AI to predict a cyclone? Ask a Scientist: How can researchers use AI to predict a flood? Operation Blue Skies: Reducing aviation climate impact with AI AMIE, our research medical AI system, demonstrates real-time clinical video consultation capabilities in a first-of-its-kind study. Our WeatherNext 2 AI model demonstrated a massive leap forward in predicting cyclones. Understanding the AI economy How governments and organizations are leveraging Google’s AI breakthroughs for crisis resilience Three new satellites join the fight against wildfires. The latest AI news we announced in June 2026 Towards a world where no one is surprised by a natural disaster New research shows how AMIE, our medical AI, could help manage health conditions. 4 ways researchers are collaborating with Co-Scientist to solve big problems The latest AI news we announced in May 2026 A new experiment brings better group meetings to Google Beam Gemini for Science: AI experiments and tools for a new era of discovery Evolving expectations of what’s possible Quantum frontiers may be closer than they appear Building superconducting and neutral atom quantum computers Our new study explores how AI can reduce the climate impact of air travel. Broadening advanced AI education across Africa Groundsource: using AI to help communities better predict natural disasters Honoring the art of the possible this International Women’s Day How our open-source AI model SpeciesNet is helping to promote wildlife conservation The latest AI news we announced in February
Google's year in review: 8 areas with research breakthrou...
Jeff Dean · 2025-12-24 · via Google Research

This was a year of AI agents, reasoning and scientific discovery.

General summary

In 2025, Google made significant AI research breakthroughs with models like Gemini 3 and Gemma 3. These advancements improved AI's reasoning, multimodality, and efficiency, leading to new products and features across Google's portfolio. Expect more AI-driven innovations in science, computing, and tools for global challenges as Google prioritizes responsible AI development and collaboration.

Summaries were generated by Google AI. Generative AI is experimental.

Bullet points

  • "Google's year in review: 8 areas with research breakthroughs in 2025" highlights AI advancements and more.
  • Gemini 3 models showed big leaps in reasoning, multimodality, efficiency, and creative abilities.
  • AI is transforming Google's products, from Pixel 10 to Search, with agentic capabilities.
  • AI is boosting science, from genomics and healthcare to math, coding, and quantum computing.
  • Google is prioritizing AI safety, collaboration, and addressing global challenges like climate change.

Summaries were generated by Google AI. Generative AI is experimental.

Basic explainer

Google had a super productive year with AI research. They made their AI models way better at thinking and understanding things. Google also made AI more useful in everyday products and helped people be more creative. Plus, they used AI to make big steps in science and to tackle global problems.

Summaries were generated by Google AI. Generative AI is experimental.

Explore other styles:

The image depicts a visual collage or mosaic of multiple different images, with one image in the center that is black and displays the text "Gemini 3".

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This content is generated by Google AI. Generative AI is experimental

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2025 has been a year of extraordinary progress in research. With artificial intelligence, we can see its trajectory shifting from a tool to a utility: from something people use to something they can put to work. If 2024 was about laying the multimodal foundations for this era, 2025 was the year AI began to really think, act and explore the world alongside us. With quantum computing, we made progress towards real-world applications. And across the board, we helped turn research into reality, with more capable and useful products and tools making a positive impact on people's lives today.

Here’s a look back at some of the breakthroughs, products and scientific milestones that defined the work of Google, Google DeepMind and Google Research in a year of relentless progress.

Delivering breakthroughs on world-class models

This year, we significantly advanced our model capabilities with breakthroughs on reasoning, multimodal understanding, model efficiency, and generative capabilities, beginning with the release of Gemini 2.5 in March and culminating in the November launch of Gemini 3 and the December launch of Gemini 3 Flash.

Built on a foundation of state-of-the-art reasoning, Gemini 3 Pro is our most powerful model to date, designed to help you bring any idea to life. It topped the LMArena Leaderboard and redefined multimodal reasoning with breakthrough scores on benchmarks like Humanity’s Last Exam — a fiendishly hard test for AI models to see if AI can truly think and reason like humans — and GPQA Diamond. It also set a new standard for frontier models in mathematics, achieving a new state-of-the-art of 23.4% on MathArena Apex. We followed shortly with Gemini 3 Flash, which combines Gemini 3's Pro-grade reasoning with Flash-level latency, efficiency and cost, making it the most performant model for its size. Gemini 3 Flash's quality surpasses our previous Gemini 2.5 Pro-scale model's capabilities at a fraction of the price and substantially better latency, continuing our Gemini-era trend of 'the next generation's Flash model is better than the previous generation's Pro model'.

Learn more about our progress on our world-class AI models this year:

Gemini 3 Flash price & benchmark table. 

Gemini benchmarks table

We’re committed to making useful AI technology accessible, with state-of-the-art open models. We built our Gemma family of models to be lightweight and open for public use; this year we were able to introduce multimodal capabilities, significantly increase the context window, expand multilingual capabilities, and improve efficiency and performance.

Learn more about this year’s advances in Gemma models:

Innovating and transforming our products with AI

Throughout 2025, we continued to advance the trajectory of AI from tool to utility, transforming our portfolio of products with new, powerful agentic capabilities. We reimagined software development by moving beyond tools that assist coding to introducing powerful, agentic systems that collaborate with developers. Key advances, such as the impressive coding capabilities in Gemini 3 and the launch of Google Antigravity, mark a new era in AI-assisted software development.

Learn more about this year’s advances building developer tools:

This evolution was also clear across our core products, from AI-enabled features on the Pixel 10 and updates to AI Mode in Search like generative UI, to AI-first innovations like the Gemini app and NotebookLM, which gained advanced features like Deep Research.

Learn more about how we’ve transformed our products with AI:

Empowering creativity and co-creating with AI

2025 was a transformative year for generative media, giving people new and unprecedented capabilities to realize their creative ambitions. Generative media models and tools for video, images, audio and worlds became more effective and broadly used, with breakouts Nano Banana and Nano Banana Pro offering unprecedented capabilities for native image generation and editing. We worked with people in creative industries to develop tools like Flow and Music AI Sandbox, making them more helpful for creative workflows, and we expanded creative possibilities for people with new, AI-powered experiences in the Google Arts & Culture lab, major upgrades to image editing within the Gemini app, and the introduction of powerful new generative media models like Veo 3.1, Imagen 4 and Flow.

Learn more about how we’re building AI to enhance creativity:

As research breakthroughs continue to expand AI’s capabilities, Google Labs is where we share AI experiments as we develop them – hearing from users and evolving as we learn. Some of this year’s most engaging experiments from Labs: Pomelli, an AI experiment for on-brand marketing content; Stitch, which introduced a way to turn prompt and image inputs into complex UI designs and frontend code in minutes; Jules, an asynchronous coding agent that acts as a collaborative partner for developers; and Google Beam, a 3D video communications platform that used AI to advance the possibilities of remote presence.

Learn more about how we’re experimenting in Labs:

Advancing science and mathematics

2025 was also a banner year for scientific advances with AI, marked by breakthroughs in life sciences, health, natural sciences, and mathematics.

In the space of a year, we made progress in building AI resources and tools that empower researchers and help them understand, identify, and develop treatments in healthcare. In genomics, where we’ve been applying advanced technology to research for 10 years, we moved beyond sequencing, using AI to interpret the most complex data. We also marked the 5-year anniversary of AlphaFold, the Nobel-winning AI system that solved the 50-year-old protein folding problem. AlphaFold has been used by over 3 million researchers in more than 190 countries, including over 1 million users in low- and middle-income countries.

Learn more about how we’re using AI to advance life sciences and health:

Gemini’s advanced thinking capabilities, including Deep Think, also enabled historic progress in mathematics and coding. Deep Think was able to solve problems that require deep abstract reasoning – achieving gold medal-standard in two international contests.

Learn more about how we’re advancing natural sciences and mathematics:

Shaping innovations in computing and the physical world

We’re also leading major discoveries and shaping the future of science in areas like quantum computing, energy and moonshots. Research in this area drew new levels of public attention, with progress towards real-world applications of quantum computing as demonstrated by Quantum Echoes and, notably, Googler Michel Devoret becoming a 2025 Physics Nobel Laureate along with former Googler John Martinis and UC Berkeley’s John Clarke, for their foundational 1980s quantum research.

Learn more about our work on space infrastructure and quantum computing:

In 2025, we continued to advance the core infrastructure that powers our AI, focusing on breakthroughs in hardware design and improving energy efficiency. This included the introduction of Ironwood, a new TPU built for the age of inference, which was designed using a method called AlphaChip, alongside a commitment to measuring the environmental impact of our technology.

Learn more about how we’re using AI to develop chips, infrastructure and improve energy efficiency:

Ironwood Superpod

Our work in robotics and visual understanding brought AI agents into both the physical and virtual worlds, with advancements like the foundational Gemini Robotics models, the more sophisticated Gemini Robotics 1.5, and the introduction of Genie 3 as a new frontier for general-purpose world models.

Learn more about our work with world models and robotics:

Tackling global challenges and opportunities at scale

Our work throughout 2025 demonstrates how AI-enabled scientific progress is being directly applied to address the world's most critical and pervasive challenges. By leveraging state-of-the-art foundational models and agentic reasoning, we are significantly increasing our understanding of the planet and its systems, while also delivering impactful solutions in areas vital to human flourishing, including climate resilience, public health and education.

For example, we are using state-of-the-art foundational models and agentic reasoning to help increase our understanding of the planet, helping enable work that is making a difference in people’s lives now from weather predictions to urban planning to public health. For example, our flood forecasting information now covers more than two billion people in 150 countries for severe riverine floods. And our most advanced and efficient forecasting model, WeatherNext 2 can generate forecasts 8x faster and with resolution up to 1-hour. Using this technology, we’ve supported weather agencies in making decisions based on a range of scenarios through our experimental cyclone predictions.

Learn more about our work in weather, mapping and wildfires:

We are working with partners to apply AI-enabled scientific progress closer to patients, opening up new avenues for disease management and therapeutic discovery.

Learn more about our health-related work:

AI is proving to be a powerful tool in education, enabling new forms of understanding and expanding curiosity through initiatives like LearnLM and Guided Learning in Gemini. We brought Gemini’s most powerful translation capabilities to Google Translate, enabling much smarter, more natural and accurate translations and piloting new speech to speech translation capabilities.

Learn more about how we’re using AI to enable learning:

Prioritizing responsibility and safety

We couple our research breakthroughs with rigorous and forward-looking work on responsibility and safety. As our models grow more capable, we’re continuing to advance and evolve our tools, resources and safety frameworks to anticipate and mitigate risk. Gemini 3 demonstrated this approach in action: it's our most secure model yet, and has undergone the most comprehensive set of safety evaluations of any Google AI model to date. And we’re looking further ahead, exploring a responsible path to AGI, prioritizing readiness, proactive risk assessment, and collaboration with the wider AI community.

Learn more about our responsibility and safety work:

Leading frontier collaborations with industry, academia and civil society

Advancing the frontier of AI responsibly demands collaboration across all parts of society. In 2025, we worked with leading AI labs to help to form the Agentic AI Foundation and support open standards to ensure a responsible and interoperable future for agentic AI. In education, we’ve partnered with school districts like Miami Dade County and education groups like Raspberry Pi to equip students and educators with AI skills. Our research partnerships with universities like UC Berkeley, Yale, the University of Chicago and many more have been instrumental to some of this year’s most exciting frontier research, and we’re working with the US Department of Energy’s 17 national laboratories to transform how scientific research is conducted. And we’re working with filmmakers and other creative visionaries to put the best AI tools in their hands and explore storytelling in the age of AI.

Learn more about our work on frontier collaboration:

Looking ahead

As we look towards 2026, we’re looking forward to continuing to advance the frontier, safely and responsibly, for the benefit of humanity.

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