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USGS Publications Warehouse

Neutron scattering reveals fractionation of natural gas mixtures in unconventional petroleum reservoir pores: Perspectives on energy resource recovery and storage Summaries of goals, actions, and information needs by management entity Spawning habitat suitability models for Lake Erie cisco (Coregonus artedi) during the historical period of pre- and post-population declines 1877–1957 Inland recreational fisheries harvest far exceeds reported inland harvest in the United States Abundance and movement patterns of fish accessing a reconnected Lake Erie coastal wetland: Insights from high-resolution sonar data Ecology of Lake Erie – Wetlands and lake-wide planktonic communities: A synthesis The WOAH global wildlife health collaborating centre network (WOAH-WildNet): A coordinated and transformative approach to global wildlife health challenges Tsunami hazards posed by sublacustrine landslides in Lake Quinault, Washington State Detecting bumble bees in the wild using environmental DNA: Development and validation of a qPCR assay for the endangered Franklin’s bumble bee (Bombus franklini) Critical minerals in zinc ore—An update on Earth Mapping Resources Initiative Research in the Boulder Batholith region, Montana Computation of regional groundwater budgets for the Virginia Coastal Plain aquifer system Historical ice jams and associated environmental conditions on Osoyoos Lake A roadmap for implementing the Emergency Recovery Plan for freshwater biodiversity Arsenic and isotope concentrations in the lower Platte River valley of eastern Nebraska, early 1970s to 2023 Geochemical disequilibrium at the brittle-ductile transition Seabed maps showing topography, ruggedness, backscatter intensity, sediment mobility, and the distribution of geologic substrates in quadrangle 3 of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region offshore of Boston, Massachusetts Co-occurrence of pesticides and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) across Zostera marina (common eelgrass) communities Range-wide relative abundance of the Appalachian grizzled skipper (<i>Pyrgus centaureae wyandot</i>) in the Eastern United States Geochemical, mineralogical, and isotopic evidence for multi-stage genesis of the Hicks Dome REE + Y-HFSE-fluorite deposit, Illinois, USA Status and trends of pelagic and benthic prey fish populations in Lake Michigan, 2025 Continuous and high-resolution longitudinal profiles of the water surface and riverbed elevation for 282 miles of the Colorado River from Lees Ferry to Pearce Ferry, Arizona, 2021 Biochar modulates the dynamics of legacy nutrients in enhancing soil health and crop productivity Tracking toxins: A pilot investigation of cyanotoxins in north-central Tennessee’s surface waters and wells Waves, watersheds, and sediment in a coral reef embayment: Towards parsimonious models of accumulation and composition High-resolution transboundary vegetation community maps of the Sonoran and Mojave Desert ecoregion to support critical landscape conservation planning and habitat management needs Rearing method has limited effect on post-release movement of reintroduced age-0 Lake Sturgeon Critical minerals memory match game Indicators of mercury concentration in Lake Trout: Can fish location and appearance provide information to anglers to reduce their exposure? Ecology of reintroduced Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep in Dinosaur National Monument Modeling the seasonality of wind-driven hydrocarbon waves in Titan’s polar lakes The Great Lakes Geologic Mapping Coalition—Working collaboratively to understand the geology of the Great Lakes Region Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources in the Berkine, Illizi, Hamra, Murzuq, and Erdis Kufra Basins of northern Africa, 2026 Factors affecting benthic macroinvertebrate health in the City of Roanoke, Virginia, 2020–2023 Methodology for construction of a three-layer geologic model of the conterminous United States using land surface, top of bedrock, and top of basement Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the San Joaquin Valley Kern County subbasin domestic-supply aquifer study unit, 2022—California GAMA Priority Basin Project Precipitation-based flood-inundation maps for the East Fork Little Blue River and tributaries at Lee’s Summit, Missouri, 2024 Remote sensing enables basin-scale inventories of coal mine methane Whatever it takes— Shaping the L&O Letters Early Career Publication Honor to deliver true benefit ECCOE Landsat quarterly calibration and validation report—Quarter 4, 2025 Bird migration and energetics simulations incorporating oil spill effects Simulating past and future refugia for temperate trees in northern Italy Distribution, abundance, breeding activities, and restoration efforts for the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California—2025 Annual Report Continuous stream discharge, salinity, and associated data collected in the lower St. Johns River and its tributaries, Florida, 2023 Multi-proxy thermal history of basin heating during Cordilleran orogenesis in the Magallanes-Austral retroarc foreland basin, Patagonian Andes Baseflow and snowmelt sustained streamflow in the Upper Colorado River Basin, 1986-2020 Quantifying southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) reactions to a quadcopter drone in central California VegET evapotranspiration for Africa: Continental-scale simulation, multi-product evaluation, and drought assessment Evaluation of stream capture related to groundwater pumping, middle Humboldt River Basin, Nevada Predictable seismic cycles result from structural rupture barriers on oceanic transform faults Syn-magmatic subsidence during the early stages of continental rifting in the Mesoproterozoic—A reanalysis of legacy data for the Midcontinent Rift, western Lake Superior Practical guidance for engaging end-users and experts in developing scientific tools Timing, uncertainty, and opportunity cost: Lessons for ecosystem modification on the Colorado River Integrating mark-recapture, catch, and expert habitat assessments to quantify recent increases in humpback chub abundance over a 200 km long river segment of the Colorado River in western Grand Canyon Storm surge barriers reduce seaward sediment supply to lagoonal estuaries Salinas Valley integrated hydrologic and reservoir operations models, Monterey and San Luis Obispo Counties, California Toxicity of synergized permethrin residues in cattle dung to two temperate dung beetle species after application of common livestock pour-on treatment Top Elevation of Glacial Till and Thickness of the Big Sioux Aquifer Delineated From Electrical Resistivity Tomography Surveys Near Sioux Falls, South Dakota, 2022 and 2025 Calcareous nannofossil assemblage changes in the Surprise Hill core and their implications for floral response to the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum across the Salisbury Embayment of Virginia, USA Watershed Continuum Monitoring Approach: Combining multiple water quality patterns along stream and river flowpaths to track sources, pathways, and processing of pollutants USGS Publications Warehouse Hydrogeologic framework and conceptual groundwater-flow model of the panhandle and northwest parts of the High Plains (Ogallala) aquifer in Oklahoma, 1998–2022 Hazard potential of compound flooding from rainfall, storm surge, and groundwater in coastal New York and Connecticut Quantitative mineral resource assessment of lithium pegmatite deposits in the southern Appalachian orogen Not so fatal attraction: Captive female Burmese Python lures do not improve wild python detection USGS Publications Warehouse USGS Publications Warehouse Variability and consistency in wildfire susceptibility: Insights from a national compilation Patterns of floodplain forest mortality and recruitment along the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers: Associations with forest fragmentation and flood inundation Temporal and spatial changes in seismic attenuation associated with inferred fluid migration in the 2016 central Apennines earthquake sequence Publisher correction: Strong nickel enrichment co-located with redox-organic interactions in Neretva Vallis, Mars Refinement of a framework for Moving Aircraft River Velocimetry (MARV) and application to particle tracking along Alaskan rivers Simulation of groundwater flow to evaluate hydrogeologic controls on a PFAS plume, Coakley Landfill Superfund site, Rockingham County, New Hampshire Landscape connectivity and wildlife access to water across an international border: Barriers and opportunities for facilitating transboundary movement Walleye In our hands Regression models for estimating suspended sediment concentrations and loads and comparison with acoustic surrogate model on the Snake River, Weiser, Idaho, 1977–2022 Fossil footprints and Ice Age ecosystems of White Sands National Park Water use in Louisiana, 2020 Reconstructing ancient sedimentary source-to-sink systems – Examples from southern Laurentia’s Proterozoic accretionary orogens USGS Publications Warehouse Acoustic measurements and modeling of sub-bottom layers on the summit of the Atlantis II Seamount USGS Publications Warehouse Los Planes watershed vegetation monitoring: Standard operating procedures USGS Publications Warehouse USGS Publications Warehouse USGS Publications Warehouse USGS Publications Warehouse USGS Publications Warehouse USGS Publications Warehouse Preliminary geologic map of the Sparta East, Sparta West, and parts of the Glade Valley and Whitehead 7.5-minute quadrangles, North Carolina and Virginia, and the epicentral area of the August 9, 2020, Mw 5.1 earthquake near Sparta, North Carolina Regional conservation planning tool: A spreadsheet model to support spatial prioritization and resource allocation decisions Sex-specific Atlantic salmon upstream passage and fallback at a natural cascade after dam removal Geothermal district energy systems coupled with seasonal underground thermal energy storage: A U.S. techno-economic screening by climate and geology Effects of repeat prescribed burning in dry coniferous forests in national parks of California Moment magnitude for small earthquakes in the Delaware basin of west Texas and southeast New Mexico, USA Tringa flavipes (Lesser Yellowlegs) from separate breeding sites subdivides the Prairie Pothole Region in space and time during southbound migration Lowland tropical forests remain a methane sink under warming and long-term hurricane disturbance recovery Effects of warming on growth and leaf colonization by litter mat-forming fungi in a wet tropical forest in Puerto Rico Black abalone surveys at Naval Base Ventura County, San Nicolas Island, California—2023 annual report Arizona Water Science Center activities at Lees Ferry, Arizona Hydrogeology of the Tully Valley and characterization of mudboil activity, Onondaga County, New York
System characterization report on Tanager
Ajit Sampath · 2026-01-01 · via USGS Publications Warehouse

Links

Executive Summary 

This report addresses the system characterization of the Tanager satellite hyperspectral sensor created by Planet Labs PBC. and is part of a series of system characterization reports produced and delivered by the U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Cal/Val Center of Excellence. These reports present and detail the methodology and procedures for characterization; present technical and operational information about the Tanager hyperspectral sensor; and provide a summary of test measurements, data retention practices, data analysis results, and conclusions.

This report summarizes the sensor performance of the Tanager based on the U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Cal/Val Center of Excellence system characterization process. In summary, we determined that the Tanager exhibits a band-to-band geometric error ranging from -0.074 to 0.097 pixels. Compared to the Landsat Operational Land Imager, geometric offsets ranged from -5.980 meters (-0.20 pixels) to 11.348 meters (0.40 pixels). Radiometric comparisons showed offsets between -0.004 and 0.056 with slopes from 0.830 to 1.066. Spectral shifts are found between 0.65 and 0.75 nanometers. Finally, spatial performance evaluation yielded a PSF full width at half maximum of 1.27 to 1.75 pixels, a relative edge response of 0.802 to 0.651, and a modulation transfer function at Nyquist of 0.488 to 0.253.

Suggested Citation

Kim, M., Park, S., Anderson, C., Clauson, J., Vrabel, J., and Sampath, A., 2026, System characterization report on Tanager, chap. W of Ramaseri Chandra, S.N., ed., System characterization of Earth observation sensors: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021–1030, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211030W.

ISSN: 2331-1258 (online)

Table of Contents

  • Executive Summary
  • Introduction
  • System Description
  • Procedures
  • Measurements
  • Analysis
  • Summary and Conclusions 
  • Selected References 
Publication type Report
Publication Subtype USGS Numbered Series
Title System characterization report on Tanager
Series title Open-File Report
Series number 2021-1030
Chapter W
DOI 10.3133/ofr20211030W
Publication Date May 18, 2026
Year Published 2026
Language English
Publisher U.S. Geological Survey
Publisher location Reston, VA
Contributing office(s) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center
Description Report: vi; 45 p.; Dataset
Online Only (Y/N) Y
Additional Online Files (Y/N) N
Additional publication details