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Our World in Data - Data Insights

Men are more likely to use tobacco than women almost everywhere in the world Around 5% of electricity in the United States is used for data centers — far more than the global average China only just missed the income cutoff to become a high-income country this year Five countries had more women than men in parliament in 2025 More Indians live in the Gulf states than in the US, UK, and Canada combined Money spent on building data centers in the US has grown 5-fold since late 2022 How often are people infected with malaria? Drowning is a common cause of death among children — the world has made progress, but more can be done Meat preferences vary a lot across different countries Thailand’s population may have already peaked Four developed countries met the UN’s target for foreign aid in 2025 Guyana’s oil-driven economy has seen the world’s fastest growth in GDP per capita in recent years Rich countries spend 60 times as much on healthcare per person as poor countries Air conditioning is almost universal in the US and Japan — but not elsewhere Road deaths in the United States have fallen much more slowly than in other rich countries 30% of the world’s CO₂ emissions have a carbon price Morocco now gets almost a quarter of its electricity from renewables, but still relies heavily on coal Cereal yields have increased in all regions, but Africa lags behind Half of Nigeria’s population lives in cities In the past, most people worked in agriculture; in today’s rich countries, only a small share do Most of the world’s fastest-growing megacities will soon be in Africa Three-quarters of eggs produced in the United Kingdom are free-range Global population growth peaked six decades ago Rich countries have ten times as many doctors per person as poor ones Nearly half of young children in Guatemala suffer from stunting Fertility rates across many countries have converged, despite starting from very different levels Electric cars are taking off quickly in Latin America US and Chinese companies train almost all of the world’s most-used AI models Obesity rates in Pakistan have tripled in the last 20 years Europeans consume more milk and dairy products than in other regions
In these nine African countries, average incomes have mor...
Max Roser, Pablo Arriagada · 2026-09-08 · via Our World in Data - Data Insights
Small-multiple line charts of GDP per capita (international-$ at 2021 prices, adjusted for inflation and differences in cost of living) for nine African countries where each panel shows average incomes have at least doubled since 1990. Data source: Eurostat, OECD, IMF, and World Bank (2026). License: CC BY.

Economic growth is most important for the world's poorest people, and most of the world’s poorest live on the African continent. Are Africa’s economies growing?

The picture is mixed. In some countries, incomes have unfortunately declined in the last decades. This includes Madagascar, Zimbabwe, and Burundi. I have written about this in my brief explainer on extreme poverty.

In today’s Data Insight, I want to focus on the other side: I want to highlight the African countries that are achieving economic growth. Nine of them are shown in the chart above.

In all nine countries, people’s average incomes have more than doubled since 1990.

This made substantial improvements in living standards possible: the share of people in extreme poverty and the rate of child mortality declined in all nine countries.

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