In this paper motivated from subspace coding we introduce subspace-metric codes and subset-metric codes. These are coordinate-position independent pseudometrics and suitable for the folded codes. The half-Singleton upper bounds for linear subspace-metric codes and linear subset-metric codes are proved. Subspace distances and subset distances of codes are natural lower bounds for insdel distances of codes, and then can be used to lower bound the insertion-deletion error-correcting capabilities of codes. Our subspace-metric codes or subset-metric codes can be used to construct explicit well-structured insertion-deletion codes directly. $k$-deletion correcting codes with rate approaching $1$ can be constructed from subspace codes. By analysing the subset distances of folded codes from evaluation codes of linear mappings, we prove that they have high subset distances and then are explicit good insertion-deletion codes.
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