Dense waveguides are the basic building blocks for photonic integrated circuits (PIC). Due to the rapidly increasing scale of PIC chips, high-density integration of waveguide arrays working with low crosstalk over broadband wavelength range is highly desired. However, the sub-wavelength regime of such structures has not been adequately explored in practice. Herein, we proposed a waveguide superlattice design leveraging the artificial gauge field (AGF) mechanism, corresponding to the quantum analog of field-induced n-photon resonances in semiconductor superlattices. This approach experimentally achieves -24 dB crosstalk suppression with an ultra-broad transmission bandwidth over 500 nm for dual polarizations. The fabricated waveguide superlattices support high-speed signal transmission of 112 Gbit/s with high-fidelity signal-to-noise ratio profiles and bit error rates. This design, featuring a silica upper cladding, is compatible with standard metal back end-of-the-line (BEOL) processes. Based on such a fundamental structure that can be readily transferred to other platforms, passive and active devices over versatile platforms can be realized with a significantly shrunk on-chip footprint, thus it holds great promise for significant reduction of the power consumption and cost in PICs.