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What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Learning Perturbations to Extrapolate Your LLM Byzantine-Robust Distributed Sparse Learning Revisited The Sample Complexity of Multiple Change Point Identification under Bandit Feedback A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling Model-based Bootstrap of Controlled Markov Chains Approximation of Maximally Monotone Operators : A Graph Convergence Perspective Posterior Contraction Rates for Sparse Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks in Anisotropic Besov Spaces MIST: Reliable Streaming Decision Trees for Online Class-Incremental Learning via McDiarmid Bound A Spectral Framework for Closed-Form Relative Density Estimation Fast Rates for Offline Contextual Bandits with Forward-KL Regularization under Single-Policy Concentrability Higher-Order Equilibrium Tracking for EM-Compressible Online Estimation Scaling Limits of Long-Context Transformers A Note on Non-Negative $L_1$-Approximating Polynomials Susceptibilities and Patterning: A Primer on Linear Response in Bayesian Learning Linear Response Estimators for Singular Statistical Models Statistical inference with belief functions: A survey Robust stochastic first order methods in heavy-tailed noise via medoid mini-batch gradient sampling Every Feedforward Neural Network Definable in an o-Minimal Structure Has Finite Sample Complexity Adaptive auditing of AI systems with anytime-valid guarantees Locally Near Optimal Piecewise Linear Regression in High Dimensions via Difference of Max-Affine Functions Risk-Controlled Post-Processing of Decision Policies Covariate Balancing and Riesz Regression Should Be Guided by the Neyman Orthogonal Score in Debiased Machine Learning A Unified Pair-GRPO Family: From Implicit to Explicit Preference Constraints for Stable and General RL Alignment Time-Inhomogeneous Preconditioned Langevin Dynamics A Fine-Grained Understanding of Uniform Convergence for Halfspaces CITE: Anytime-Valid Statistical Inference in LLM Self-Consistency Ratio-based Loss Functions Optimal Confidence Band for Kernel Gradient Flow Estimator A renormalization-group inspired lattice-based framework for piecewise generalized linear models
Adaptive Kernel Ridge Regression with Linear Structure: S...
Xin Bing, Chao Wang · 2026-05-12 · via math.ST updates on arXiv.org

Kernel ridge regression (KRR) is a widely used nonparametric method due to its strong theoretical guarantees and computational convenience. However, standard KRR does not distinguish between linear and nonlinear components in the signal, instead applying a single functional regularization to the entire function. This may lead to unnecessary shrinkage of linear structure and consequently suboptimal prediction performance. In this paper, we propose a modified regression procedure that augments KRR with an explicit linear component. The proposed method has the same computational complexity as standard KRR and introduces no additional tuning parameters. Theoretically, we establish a sharp oracle inequality for the proposed estimator and show that it adaptively captures both linear and nonlinear structure, achieving minimax optimal prediction risk under general kernels. Compared with standard KRR, the proposed method improves both the bias and approximation error at the expense of only an additional parametric variance term, which is negligible in low- and moderate-dimensional settings. In high-dimensional regimes, incorporating ridge regularization for the linear component yields a procedure that performs uniformly no worse than KRR. Extensive simulation studies support the theoretical findings.