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Complement Submodular Information Measures for Balanced and Robust Data Selection A Proof of a Conjecture on Positive and Negative Square Energies of Unicyclic Graphs Laplacian Spectrum of the Weakly Zero-Divisor Graph of a Finite Commutative Ring An identity for second Eulerian numbers via lattice-point counting $t$-tone edge coloring of graphs Constructing Maximal Bumpless Pipedreams for Double Grothendieck Polynomials Mubayi's Polynomial-Ideal Conjecture and Cover-Ideal Turán Methods Implicit Binarization via Complex Phase Dynamics in Combinatorial Optimization The limits of Schur multipliers in Pólya conversion problems for the $q$-permanent function Universality theorems for generalized splines Framing Triangulations for Arbitrary Integer Flow Polytopes On the Common Generalization of Gentle Algebras and Framed Directed Acyclic Graphs The complexity of frugal digraph homomorphisms Chaotic and periodic behavior of jeu de taquin on infinite Young tableaux Enumerating Pattern Avoiding Parking Functions Incidence toric ideals and three-point functions Unique Winning Opening Move in Three-Row Chomp Strong majority colorings of graphs A Balancing Theorem for Spanning Trees of Rectangular Grid Graphs Spectral radius and edge-disjoint connected factors of graphs New invariants for rank metric codes, with applications to the classification of rank two semifields of order 256 Flexible DP-4-coloring of planar graphs without 4-cycles and intersecting triangles Balanced intersection size distributions in projective planes List Reconstruction Problem with List Size Two Is Dimensionality a Barrier for Retrieval Models? The INIEP: Irreducible and Positive Realizations The number of Pfaffian orientations on punctured polygonally cellulated surfaces Explicit Construction of Polytopes whose Ehrhart Polynomials Realize any Given Sign Pattern Finite-state enumeration of adjacency-constrained 132-avoiding permutations AMDS and quantum AMDS Constacyclic codes of length $4p^ς$ over $\mathbb{F}_{{p}^{m}}$
Partial vertex covers and the complexity of some problems...
Hossein Soltani, Manouchehr Zaker · 2018-06-08 · via math.CO updates on arXiv.org

Let $G$ be a graph and $τ$ be an assignment of nonnegative integer thresholds to the vertices of $G$. Denote the average of thresholds in $τ$ by $\barτ$. A subset of vertices $D$ is said to be a $τ$-dynamic monopoly, if $V(G)$ can be partitioned into subsets $D_0, D_1, \ldots, D_k$ such that $D_0=D$ and for any $i\in \{0, \ldots, k-1\}$, each vertex $v$ in $D_{i+1}$ has at least $τ(v)$ neighbors in $D_0\cup \ldots \cup D_i$. Denote the size of smallest $τ$-dynamic monopoly by $dyn_τ(G)$. Also a subset of vertices $M$ is said to be a $τ$-static monopoly (or simply $τ$-monopoly) if any vertex $v\in V(G)\setminus M$ has at least $τ(v)$ neighbors in $M$. Denote the size of smallest $τ$-monopoly by $mon_τ(G)$. For a given positive number $t$, denote by $Sdyn_t(G)$ (resp. $Smon_t(G)$), the minimum $dyn_τ(G)$ (resp. $mon_τ(G)$) among all threshold assignments $τ$ with $\overlineτ\geq t$. In this paper we consider the concept of partial vertex cover as follows. Let $G=(V, E)$ be a graph and $t$ be any positive integer. A subset $S\subseteq V$ is said to be a $t$-partial vertex cover of $G$, if $S$ covers at least $t$ edges of $G$. Denote the smallest size of a $t$-partial vertex cover of $G$ by $Pβ_t(G)$. Let $ρ$, $0<ρ<1$ be any fixed number and $G$ be a given bipartite graph with $m$ edges. We first prove that to determine the smallest cardinality of a set $S\subseteq V(G)$ such that $S$ covers at least $ρm$ edges of $G$, is an NP-hard problem. Then we prove that for any constant $t$, $Sdyn_{t}(G)=Pβ_{nt-m}(G)$ and $Smon_t(G)=Pβ_{nt/2}(G)$, where $n$ and $m$ are the order and size of $G$, respectively.