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Complement Submodular Information Measures for Balanced and Robust Data Selection A Proof of a Conjecture on Positive and Negative Square Energies of Unicyclic Graphs Laplacian Spectrum of the Weakly Zero-Divisor Graph of a Finite Commutative Ring An identity for second Eulerian numbers via lattice-point counting $t$-tone edge coloring of graphs Constructing Maximal Bumpless Pipedreams for Double Grothendieck Polynomials Mubayi's Polynomial-Ideal Conjecture and Cover-Ideal Turán Methods Implicit Binarization via Complex Phase Dynamics in Combinatorial Optimization The limits of Schur multipliers in Pólya conversion problems for the $q$-permanent function Universality theorems for generalized splines Framing Triangulations for Arbitrary Integer Flow Polytopes On the Common Generalization of Gentle Algebras and Framed Directed Acyclic Graphs The complexity of frugal digraph homomorphisms Chaotic and periodic behavior of jeu de taquin on infinite Young tableaux Enumerating Pattern Avoiding Parking Functions Incidence toric ideals and three-point functions Unique Winning Opening Move in Three-Row Chomp Strong majority colorings of graphs A Balancing Theorem for Spanning Trees of Rectangular Grid Graphs Spectral radius and edge-disjoint connected factors of graphs New invariants for rank metric codes, with applications to the classification of rank two semifields of order 256 Flexible DP-4-coloring of planar graphs without 4-cycles and intersecting triangles Balanced intersection size distributions in projective planes List Reconstruction Problem with List Size Two Is Dimensionality a Barrier for Retrieval Models? The INIEP: Irreducible and Positive Realizations The number of Pfaffian orientations on punctured polygonally cellulated surfaces Explicit Construction of Polytopes whose Ehrhart Polynomials Realize any Given Sign Pattern Finite-state enumeration of adjacency-constrained 132-avoiding permutations AMDS and quantum AMDS Constacyclic codes of length $4p^ς$ over $\mathbb{F}_{{p}^{m}}$
Induced paths in graphs without anticomplete cycles
Tung Nguyen, Alex Scott, Paul Seymour · 2022-12-02 · via math.CO updates on arXiv.org

Let us say a graph is $s\mathcal{O}$-free, where $s\ge 1$ is an integer, if there do not exist $s$ cycles of the graph that are pairwise vertex-disjoint and have no edges joining them. The structure of such graphs, even when $s=2$, is not well understood. For instance, until now we did not know how to test whether a graph is $2\mathcal{O}$-free in polynomial time; and there was an open conjecture, due to Ngoc Khang Le, that $2\mathcal{O}$-free graphs have only a polynomial number of induced paths. In this paper we prove Le's conjecture; indeed, we will show that for all $s\ge 1$, there exists $c>0$ such that every $s\mathcal{O}$-free graph $G$ has at most $|G|^c$ induced paths. This provides a poly-time algorithm to test if a graph is $s\mathcal{O}$-free, for all fixed $s$. The proof has three parts. First, there is a short and beautiful proof, due to Le, that reduces the question to proving the same thing for graphs with no cycles of length four. Second, there is a recent result of Bonamy, Bonnet, Déprés, Esperet, Geniet, Hilaire, Thomassé and Wesolek, that in every $s\mathcal{O}$-free graph $G$ with no cycle of length four, there is a set of vertices that intersects every cycle, with size logarithmic in $|G|$. And third, there is an argument that uses the result of Bonamy et al. to deduce the theorem. The last is the main content of this paper.