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FineCog-Nav: Integrating Fine-grained Cognitive Modules for Zero-shot Multimodal UAV Navigation DENALI: A Dataset Enabling Non-Line-of-Sight Spatial Reasoning with Low-Cost LiDARs SENSE: Stereo OpEN Vocabulary SEmantic Segmentation Continual Hand-Eye Calibration for Open-world Robotic Manipulation PLAF: Pixel-wise Language-Aligned Feature Extraction for Efficient 3D Scene Understanding GaussianFlow SLAM: Monocular Gaussian Splatting SLAM Guided by GaussianFlow GIST: Multimodal Knowledge Extraction and Spatial Grounding via Intelligent Semantic Topology $π_{0.7}$: a Steerable Generalist Robotic Foundation Model with Emergent Capabilities R3D: Revisiting 3D Policy Learning Vision-Based Safe Human-Robot Collaboration with Uncertainty Guarantees Benchmarking Classical Coverage Path Planning Heuristics on Irregular Hexagonal Grids for Maritime Coverage Scenarios NEAT-NC: NEAT guided Navigation Cells for Robot Path Planning HRDexDB: A Large-Scale Dataset of Dexterous Human and Robotic Hand Grasps ADAPT: Benchmarking Commonsense Planning under Unspecified Affordance Constraints An Intelligent Robotic and Bio-Digestor Framework for Smart Waste Management Efficient closed-form approaches for pose estimation using Sylvester forms World-Value-Action Model: Implicit Planning for Vision-Language-Action Systems A Nonasymptotic Theory of Gain-Dependent Error Dynamics in Behavior Cloning CooperDrive: Enhancing Driving Decisions Through Cooperative Perception SpaceMind: A Modular and Self-Evolving Embodied Vision-Language Agent Framework for Autonomous On-orbit Servicing HiVLA: A Visual-Grounded-Centric Hierarchical Embodied Manipulation System UMI-3D: Extending Universal Manipulation Interface from Vision-Limited to 3D Spatial Perception Towards Multi-Object-Tracking with Radar on a Fast Moving Vehicle: On the Potential of Processing Radar in the Frequency Domain Beyond Conservative Automated Driving in Multi-Agent Scenarios via Coupled Model Predictive Control and Deep Reinforcement Learning Failure Identification in Imitation Learning Via Statistical and Semantic Filtering A Dynamic-Growing Fuzzy-Neuro Controller, Application to a 3PSP Parallel Robot Vision-Language-Action Jump-Starting for Reinforcement Learning Robotic Agents A Mechanistic Analysis of Sim-and-Real Co-Training in Generative Robot Policies ESCAPE: Episodic Spatial Memory and Adaptive Execution Policy for Long-Horizon Mobile Manipulation Evolvable Embodied Agent for Robotic Manipulation via Long Short-Term Reflection and Optimization
CommandSwarm: Safety-Aware Natural Language-to-Behavior-T...
Mohammed Majid, Amjad Yousef Majid · 2026-05-08 · via cs.RO updates on arXiv.org

Natural-language interfaces can make swarm robotics more accessible to non-expert operators, but they must translate ambiguous user intent into executable swarm behaviors without unsupported actions, malformed programs, or unsafe plans. This paper presents CommandSwarm, a safety-aware language-to-behavior-tree pipeline for generating XML behavior trees (BTs) from speech or text commands. The system combines multilingual translation, command-level safety filtering, constrained prompting, a LoRA-adapted large language model (LLM), and deterministic parser validation against a whitelist of executable swarm primitives. We evaluate eleven open 6.7B--14B parameter LLMs, all using 4-bit quantization, on representative swarm-control scenarios under zero-shot, one-shot, and two-shot prompting. Falcon3-Instruct-10B and Mistral-7B-v3 are the strongest prompt-engineered candidates, reaching BLEU scores above 0.60 and high syntactic validity in few-shot settings. LoRA adaptation of Falcon3-Instruct-10B on a 2,063-example synthetic instruction--BT corpus improves zero-shot BLEU from 0.267 to 0.663, ROUGE-L from 0.366 to 0.692, and parser-accepted syntactic validity from 0% to 72%. Translation experiments further show that SeamlessM4T v2-large and EuroLLM-9B provide the best quality-latency trade-offs for the multilingual front end. The results indicate that compact, quantized, domain-adapted LLMs can generate useful swarm BTs when embedded in a validated systems pipeline. They also show that parser acceptance and safety filtering remain necessary execution gates; generation quality alone is not sufficient for autonomous deployment.