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MPCS: Neuroplastic Continual Learning via Multi-Component Plasticity and Topology-Aware EWC Combining Trained Models in Reinforcement Learning Training Non-Differentiable Networks via Optimal Transport ShiftLIF: Efficient Multi-Level Spiking Neurons with Power-of-Two Quantization Probe-Geometry Alignment: Erasing the Cross-Sequence Memorization Signature Below Chance Benchmarking local Hebbian learning rules for memory storage and prototype extraction Robust volatility updates for Hierarchical Gaussian Filtering Spiking Sequence Machines and Transformers Affinity Is Not Enough: Recovering the Free Energy Principle in Mixture-of-Experts Scalable Learning in Structured Recurrent Spiking Neural Networks without Backpropagation Geometric and dynamical analysis of attractor boundaries and storage limits in kernel Hopfield networks Attractor FCM Physical Foundation Models: Fixed hardware implementations of large-scale neural networks When Does Structure Matter in Continual Learning? Dimensionality Controls When Modularity Shapes Representational Geometry Learning to Forget: Continual Learning with Adaptive Weight Decay Causal Learning with Neural Assemblies NORACL: Neurogenesis for Oracle-free Resource-Adaptive Continual Learning Text-Utilization for Encoder-dominated Speech Recognition Models EdgeSpike: Spiking Neural Networks for Low-Power Autonomous Sensing in Edge IoT Architectures EvoTSC: Evolving Feature Learning Models for Time Series Classification via Genetic Programming Analysis and Explainability of LLMs Via Evolutionary Methods Deployment-Aligned Low-Precision Neural Architecture Search for Spaceborne Edge AI SeaEvo: Advancing Algorithm Discovery with Strategy Space Evolution Primitive Recursion without Composition: Dynamical Characterizations, from Neural Networks to Polynomial ODEs MAEO: Multiobjective Animorphic Ensemble Optimization for Scalable Large-scale Engineering Applications Necessary and sufficient conditions for universality of Kolmogorov-Arnold networks Learn&Drop: Fast Learning of CNNs based on Layer Dropping Architecture-Induced Recoverability Bias in Differentiable Symbolic Regression Collocation-based Robust Physics Informed Neural Networks for time-dependent simulations of pollution propagation under thermal inversion conditions on Spitsbergen Structure-Guided Diffusion Model for EEG-Based Visual Cognition Reconstruction
Random is Faster than Systematic in Multi-Objective Local...
Zimin Liang, Miqing Li · 2026-01-10 · via cs.NE updates on arXiv.org

Local search is a fundamental method in operations research and combinatorial optimisation. It has been widely applied to a variety of challenging problems, including multi-objective optimisation where multiple, often conflicting, objectives need to be simultaneously considered. In multi-objective local search algorithms, a common practice is to maintain an archive of all non-dominated solutions found so far, from which the algorithm iteratively samples a solution to explore its neighbourhood. A central issue in this process is how to explore the neighbourhood of a selected solution. In general, there are two main approaches: 1) systematic exploration and 2) random sampling. The former systematically explores the solution's neighbours until a stopping condition is met -- for example, when the neighbourhood is exhausted (i.e., the best improvement strategy) or once a better solution is found (i.e., first improvement). In contrast, the latter randomly selects and evaluates only one neighbour of the solution. One may think systematic exploration may be more efficient, as it prevents from revisiting the same neighbours multiple times. In this paper, however, we show that this may not be the case. We first empirically demonstrate that the random sampling method is consistently faster than the systematic exploration method across a range of multi-objective problems. We then give an intuitive explanation for this phenomenon using toy examples, showing that the superior performance of the random sampling method relies on the distribution of ``good neighbours''. Next, we show that the number of such neighbours follows a certain probability distribution during the search. Lastly, building on this distribution, we provide a theoretical insight for why random sampling is more efficient than systematic exploration, regardless of whether the best improvement or first improvement strategy is used.