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cs.NE updates on arXiv.org

MPCS: Neuroplastic Continual Learning via Multi-Component Plasticity and Topology-Aware EWC Combining Trained Models in Reinforcement Learning Training Non-Differentiable Networks via Optimal Transport ShiftLIF: Efficient Multi-Level Spiking Neurons with Power-of-Two Quantization Probe-Geometry Alignment: Erasing the Cross-Sequence Memorization Signature Below Chance Benchmarking local Hebbian learning rules for memory storage and prototype extraction Robust volatility updates for Hierarchical Gaussian Filtering Spiking Sequence Machines and Transformers Affinity Is Not Enough: Recovering the Free Energy Principle in Mixture-of-Experts Scalable Learning in Structured Recurrent Spiking Neural Networks without Backpropagation Geometric and dynamical analysis of attractor boundaries and storage limits in kernel Hopfield networks Attractor FCM Physical Foundation Models: Fixed hardware implementations of large-scale neural networks When Does Structure Matter in Continual Learning? Dimensionality Controls When Modularity Shapes Representational Geometry Learning to Forget: Continual Learning with Adaptive Weight Decay Causal Learning with Neural Assemblies NORACL: Neurogenesis for Oracle-free Resource-Adaptive Continual Learning Text-Utilization for Encoder-dominated Speech Recognition Models EdgeSpike: Spiking Neural Networks for Low-Power Autonomous Sensing in Edge IoT Architectures EvoTSC: Evolving Feature Learning Models for Time Series Classification via Genetic Programming Analysis and Explainability of LLMs Via Evolutionary Methods Deployment-Aligned Low-Precision Neural Architecture Search for Spaceborne Edge AI SeaEvo: Advancing Algorithm Discovery with Strategy Space Evolution Primitive Recursion without Composition: Dynamical Characterizations, from Neural Networks to Polynomial ODEs MAEO: Multiobjective Animorphic Ensemble Optimization for Scalable Large-scale Engineering Applications Necessary and sufficient conditions for universality of Kolmogorov-Arnold networks Learn&Drop: Fast Learning of CNNs based on Layer Dropping Architecture-Induced Recoverability Bias in Differentiable Symbolic Regression Collocation-based Robust Physics Informed Neural Networks for time-dependent simulations of pollution propagation under thermal inversion conditions on Spitsbergen Structure-Guided Diffusion Model for EEG-Based Visual Cognition Reconstruction
Large Language Models as Particle Swarm Optimizers
Yamato Shinohara, Jinglue Xu, Tianshui Li, Hitoshi Iba · 2025-04-12 · via cs.NE updates on arXiv.org

Optimization problems often require domain-specific expertise to design problem-dependent methodologies. Recently, several approaches have gained attention by integrating large language models (LLMs) into genetic algorithms. Building on this trend, we introduce Language Model Particle Swarm Optimization (LMPSO), a novel method that incorporates an LLM into the swarm intelligence framework of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). In LMPSO, the velocity of each particle is represented as a prompt that generates the next candidate solution, leveraging the capabilities of an LLM to produce solutions in accordance with the PSO paradigm. This integration enables an LLM-driven search process that adheres to the foundational principles of PSO. The proposed LMPSO approach is evaluated across multiple problem domains, including the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), heuristic improvement for TSP, and symbolic regression. These problems are traditionally challenging for standard PSO due to the structured nature of their solutions. Experimental results demonstrate that LMPSO is particularly effective for solving problems where solutions are represented as structured sequences, such as mathematical expressions or programmatic constructs. By incorporating LLMs into the PSO framework, LMPSO establishes a new direction in swarm intelligence research. This method not only broadens the applicability of PSO to previously intractable problems but also showcases the potential of LLMs in addressing complex optimization challenges.