The Second International Workshop on Programming Language Approaches to Concurrency and Communication-cEntric Software (PLACES) was co-located with ETAPS 2009 in the city of York, England. The workshop took place on Sunday 22nd March 2009. The workshop focused on the challenges raised by the changing landscape of computer software. Traditionally, most software was written for a single computer with one CPU. However applications on the web today are built using numerous interacting services deployed on across many machines; soon off-the-shelf CPUs will host thousands of cores, and sensor networks will be composed from a large number of processing units. Many normal applications will soon need to make effective use of thousands of computing nodes. At some level of granularity, computation in such systems will be inherently concurrent and communication-centred. The development of effective programming methodologies for the coming computing paradigm demands exploration and understanding of a wide variety of ideas and techniques. This workshop offered a forum where researchers from different fields could exchange new ideas on one of the central challenges for programming in the near future, the development of programming methodologies and infrastructures where concurrency and distribution are the norm rather than a marginal concern.