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DUAL-BLADE: Dual-Path NVMe-Direct KV-Cache Offloading for Edge LLM Inference Progressive Semantic Communication for Efficient Edge-Cloud Vision-Language Models Efficient, VRAM-Constrained xLM Inference on Clients Folding Tensor and Sequence Parallelism for Memory-Efficient Transformer Training & Inference DORA: A Scalable Asynchronous Reinforcement Learning System for Language Model Training AMMA: A Multi-Chiplet Memory-Centric Architecture for Low-Latency 1M Context Attention Serving RaMP: Runtime-Aware Megakernel Polymorphism for Mixture-of-Experts Spark Policy Toolkit: Semantic Contracts and Scalable Execution for Policy Learning in Spark Internet of Everything in the 6G Era: Paradigms, Enablers, Potentials and Future Directions PolyKV: A Shared Asymmetrically-Compressed KV Cache Pool for Multi-Agent LLM Inference A Survey on Split Learning for LLM Fine-Tuning: Models, Systems, and Privacy Optimizations ITAS: A Multi-Agent Architecture for LLM-Based Intelligent Tutoring Latency and Cost of Multi-Agent Intelligent Tutoring at Scale TACO: Efficient Communication Compression of Intermediate Tensors for Scalable Tensor-Parallel LLM Training FreeScale: Distributed Training for Sequence Recommendation Models with Minimal Scaling Cost CommFuse: Hiding Tail Latency via Communication Decomposition and Fusion for Distributed LLM Training A Taxonomy and Resolution Strategy for Client-Level Disagreements in Federated Learning Usable Agent Discovery for Decentralized AI Systems Cloud to Edge: Benchmarking LLM Inference On Hardware-Accelerated Single-Board Computers Data-Free Contribution Estimation in Federated Learning using Gradient von Neumann Entropy Shard the Gradient, Scale the Model: Serverless Federated Aggregation via Gradient Partitioning Promoting Simple Agents: Ensemble Methods for Event-Log Prediction GraphLeap: Decoupling Graph Construction and Convolution for Vision GNN Acceleration on FPGA AGNT2: Autonomous Agent Economies on Interaction-Optimized Layer 2 Infrastructure FedSIR: Spectral Client Identification and Relabeling for Federated Learning with Noisy Labels Stream-CQSA: Avoiding Out-of-Memory in Attention Computation via Flexible Workload Scheduling A Delta-Aware Orchestration Framework for Scalable Multi-Agent Edge Computing Federated Learning over Blockchain-Enabled Cloud Infrastructure Optimal Routing for Federated Learning over Dynamic Satellite Networks: Tractable or Not? Sherpa.ai Privacy-Preserving Multi-Party Entity Alignment without Intersection Disclosure for Noisy Identifiers
Prefetching in Deep Memory Hierarchies with NVRAM as Main...
Manel Lurbe, Miguel Avargues, Salvador Petit, Maria E. Gomez, Ru · 2025-09-22 · via cs.DC updates on arXiv.org

Emerging applications, such as big data analytics and machine learning, require increasingly large amounts of main memory, often exceeding the capacity of current commodity processors built on DRAM technology. To address this, recent research has focused on off-chip memory controllers that facilitate access to diverse memory media, each with unique density and latency characteristics. While these solutions improve memory system performance, they also exacerbate the already significant memory latency. As a result, multi-level prefetching techniques are essential to mitigate these extended latencies. This paper investigates the advantages of prefetching across both sides of the memory system: the off-chip memory and the on-chip cache hierarchy. Our primary objective is to assess the impact of a multi-level prefetching engine on overall system performance. Additionally, we analyze the individual contribution of each prefetching level to system efficiency. To achieve this, the study evaluates two key prefetching approaches: HMC (Hybrid Memory Controller) and HMC+L1, both of which employ prefetching mechanisms commonly used by processor vendors. The HMC approach integrates a prefetcher within the off-chip hybrid memory controller, while the HMC+L1 approach combines this with additional L1 on-chip prefetchers. Experimental results on an out-of-order execution processor show that on-chip cache prefetchers are crucial for maximizing the benefits of off-chip prefetching, which in turn further enhances performance. Specifically, the off-chip HMC prefetcher achieves coverage and accuracy rates exceeding 60% and up to 80%, while the combined HMC+L1 approach boosts off-chip prefetcher coverage to as much as 92%. Consequently, overall performance increases from 9% with the HMC approach to 12% when L1 prefetching is also employed.