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cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

Agentic Vulnerability Reasoning on Windows COM Binaries From Beats to Breaches:How Offensive AI Infers Sensitive User Information from Playlists Undetectable Backdoors in Model Parameters: Hiding Sparse Secrets in High Dimensions When Embedding-Based Defenses Fail: Rethinking Safety in LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems Token-Efficient Change Detection in LLM APIs Selfie-Capture Dynamics as an Auxiliary Signal Against Deepfakes and Injection Attacks for Mobile Identity Verification Trident: Improving Malware Detection with LLMs and Behavioral Features When Alignment Isn't Enough: Response-Path Attacks on LLM Agents RefusalGuard: Geometry-Preserving Fine-Tuning for Safety in LLMs Checkerboard: A Simple, Effective, Efficient and Learning-free Clean Label Backdoor Attack with Low Poisoning Budget Block-wise Codeword Embedding for Reliable Multi-bit Text Watermarking Secret Stealing Attacks on Local LLM Fine-Tuning through Supply-Chain Model Code Backdoors Enhancing Linux Privilege Escalation Attack Capabilities of Local LLM Agents Defusing the Trigger: Plug-and-Play Defense for Backdoored LLMs via Tail-Risk Intrinsic Geometric Smoothing Evaluating Jailbreaking Vulnerabilities in LLMs Deployed as Assistants for Smart Grid Operations: A Benchmark Against NERC Standards Behavioral Canaries: Auditing Private Retrieved Context Usage in RL Fine-Tuning FlexServe: A Fast and Secure LLM Serving System for Mobile Devices with Flexible Resource Isolation Breaking MCP with Function Hijacking Attacks: Novel Threats for Function Calling and Agentic Models Text Steganography with Dynamic Codebook and Multimodal Large Language Model An AI Agent Execution Environment to Safeguard User Data TwoHamsters: Benchmarking Multi-Concept Compositional Unsafety in Text-to-Image Models Fundamental Limitations of Favorable Privacy-Utility Guarantees for DP-SGD Symbolic Guardrails for Domain-Specific Agents: Stronger Safety and Security Guarantees Without Sacrificing Utility Hardening x402: PII-Safe Agentic Payments via Pre-Execution Metadata Filtering QShield: Securing Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks using Quantum Circuits Hijacking Text Heritage: Hiding the Human Signature through Homoglyphic Substitution Like a Hammer, It Can Build, It Can Break: Large Language Model Uses, Perceptions, and Adoption in Cybersecurity Operations on Reddit Private Seeds, Public LLMs: Realistic and Privacy-Preserving Synthetic Data Generation One Word at a Time: Incremental Completion Decomposition Breaks LLM Safety Measuring and Exploiting Contextual Bias in LLM-Assisted Security Code Review
Fair Ordering in Replicated Systems via Streaming Social ...
Geoffrey Ramseyer, Ashish Goel · 2023-04-06 · via cs.CR updates on arXiv.org

Prior work studies the question of ``fairly'' ordering transactions in a replicated state machine. Each of $n$ replicas receives transactions in a possibly different order, and the system must aggregate the observed orderings into a single order. We argue that this problem is best viewed through the lens of social choice theory, in which (in the preference aggregation problem) rankings on candidates are aggregated into an election result. Two features make this problem novel. First, the number of transactions is unbounded, and an ordering must be defined over a countably infinite set. And second, decisions must be made quickly, with only partial information. Additionally, some faulty replicas might alter their reported observations; their influence on the output should be bounded and well understood. Prior work studies a ``$γ$-batch-order-fairness'' property, which divides an ordering into contiguous batches. If a $γ$ fraction of replicas receive $τ$ before $τ^\prime$, then $τ^\prime$ cannot be in an earlier batch than $τ$. We strengthen this definition to require that batches have minimal size ($γ$-batch-order-fairness can be vacuously satisfied by large batches) while accounting for the possibility of faulty replicas. This social choice lens enables an ordering protocol with strictly stronger fairness and liveness properties than prior work. We study the Ranked Pairs method. Analysis of how missing information moves through the algorithm allows our streaming version to know when it can output a transaction. Deliberate construction of a tiebreaking rule ensures our algorithm outputs a transaction after a bounded time (in a synchronous network). Prior work relies on a fixed choice of $γ$ and bound on the number of faulty replicas $f$, but our algorithm satisfies our definition for every $\frac{1}{2}<γ\leq 1$ simultaneously and for any $f$.