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Typescript: Parâmetros do Construtor
Yuri Peixinho · 2026-06-14 · via DEV Community

Yuri Peixinho

Introdução

O construtor é o método chamado quando você instancia uma classe. TypeScript permite tipar cada parâmetro e tem um atalho poderoso para declarar propriedades diretamente nele.

Construtor básico

class Evento {
  id: string;
  tipo: string;
  competencia: string;

  constructor(id: string, tipo: string, competencia: string) {
    this.id = id;
    this.tipo = tipo;
    this.competencia = competencia;
  }
}

O atalho do TypeScript

Ao adicionar um modificador de acesso no parâmetro, o TypeScript declara e atribui a propriedade automaticamente:

class Evento {
  constructor(
    public id: string,
    public tipo: string,
    private competencia: string,
    readonly criadoEm: Date = new Date()
  ) {}
  // TypeScript gera tudo automaticamente — sem repetição
}

const evento = new Evento("1", "R-2010", "2024-01");
evento.id;          // ✅
evento.competencia; // ❌ private

É o padrão mais usado na prática — elimina a repetição de declarar a propriedade e depois atribuir no this.

Parâmetros opcionais e com valor padrão

class Job {
  constructor(
    public tenantId: string,
    public tipo: string,
    public tentativas: number = 0,
    public agendadoPara?: Date
  ) {}
}