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几种中文分词工具对比
2020-11-20 · via jdhao's digital space
Update log
  • 2021-10-23: fix typo,更新链接。

对几种中文分词工具进行了调研,简单总结一下。

工具介绍与安装#

这里用了几种开源的分词工具,具体信息如下:

这些库都提供了 Python 接口,使用 pip 安装命令如下:

pip install jieba pkuseg lac ltp

简单上手试用#

from LAC import LAC
import pkuseg
import jieba
from ltp import LTP

my_str = "索引图是一种特殊的图 ,它的存在主要是为了节省空间,索引图附带了一个 color palette/table 或者叫 color map,对应了 256 种颜色(所以 color table 大小为 256x3)),然后图像像素每个位置值在 0-255 之间,数值代表该处像素在 color table 对应的颜色的索引值,实际展示该图片的时候,我们利用这个索引就能在 color table 中找到真正要展示的颜色。从这个描述可以看出,索引图一个像素只需要 1 比特,所以索引图占的空间大小约为 RGB 图的 1/3 ,大大减少了存储占用"

bseg = LAC(mode='seg')
pseg = pkuseg.pkuseg()
ltp = LTP()

print(bseg.run(my_str))
print(pseg.cut(my_str))
print(list(jieba.cut(my_str)))   # jieba.cut() 返回的是 iterator,所以转成了 list 显示
print(ltp.seg([my_str])[0])

速度 benchmark#

同时也对比了一下几款工具的分词速度,

In [9]: %timeit bseg.run(my_str)
8.24 ms ± 68.8 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100 loops each)

In [10]: %timeit list(jieba.cut(my_str))
Building prefix dict from the default dictionary ...
Loading model from cache /var/folders/nj/53p0t04x2d76_9x8hsq0zfwc0000gn/T/jieba.cache
Loading model cost 0.566 seconds.
Prefix dict has been built successfully.
740 µs ± 7.24 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)

In [11]: %timeit pseg.cut(my_str)
5.31 ms ± 160 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100 loops each)

In [12]: %timeit ltp.seg([my_str])
54.7 ms ± 666 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10 loops each)

可以看出 jieba 的速度是最快的,其次是 pkuseg,然后百度的 LAC,最慢的是哈工大 LTP。检查分词的结果,发现 jieba 的分词准确率不及 pkuseg,LAC 和 LTP,pkuseg,LAC,LTP 结果比较接近。

注:非专业测评,结果仅供参考,更客观全面的评测还需要在不同数据集上跑测试才能得出。

参考#