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Longest weakly increasing subsequences of discrete random...
José Ricardo G. Mendonça, Marcelo V. Freire · 2026-03-31 · via math updates on arXiv.org

We investigate the behavior of the length of the longest weakly increasing subsequences (weak LIS) of $n$-step random walks with nonzero integer increments $k = \pm 1, \pm 2, \dots$ given by a symmetric heavy tailed mass distribution proportional to $|k|^{-1-α}$ for several values of the real parameter $α> 0$ together with that of the simple random walk ($k=\pm 1$), to which the $n$-step heavy tailed walks reduce when $α$ grows large enough that step jumps beyond $\pm 1$ become essentially absent on the scale of $n$. By means of exploratory fits, weighted nonlinear least squares, and nested-model comparisons, we found that the sample average length $\langle{L_{n}}\rangle$ scales like $\langle{L_{n}}\rangle \sim \sqrt{n}\log{n}$ when the distribution of increments has finite variance ($α> 2$) and $\langle{L_{n}}\rangle \sim n^θ$ with a varying exponent $θ> 0.5$ when the variance is infinite ($α\leq 2$). Distributional diagnostics indicate that the bulk of the $L_{n}$ distribution is very well-approximated by a lognormal model, though systematic deviations are observed in the tails. Our results corroborate and expand upon previous results for the LIS of other types of heavy-tailed random walks and raise a conjecture as to whether the distribution of $L_{n}$ is given, or can be effectively described, by a lognormal distribution.