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Beyond Binary Edits Robust Multimodal Knowledge Editing with Adversarial Subspace Alignment Agentic Proving for Program Verification MemAudit: Post-hoc Auditing of Poisoned Agent Memory via Causal Attribution and Structural Anomaly Detection OpenSkillEval: Automatically Auditing the Open Skill Ecosystem for LLM Agents One Policy, Infinite NPCs: Persona-Traceable Shared RL Policies for Scalable Game Agents How Human-Like Are Large Language Models? A Register-Aware Linguistic Evaluation Framework Benchmarking Google Embeddings 2 against Open-Source Models for Multilingual Dense Retrieval and RAG Systems Structure-Guided Entity Resolution: Fine-Tuning LLMs for Robust Name Matching in Complex Linguistic Contexts Solving the Aircraft Disassembly Scheduling Problem Co-ReAct: Rubrics as Step-Level Collaborators for ReAct Agents CP or DP? Why Not Both: A Case Study in the Partial Shop Scheduling Problem Asking For An Old Friend: Diagnosing and Mitigating Temporal Failure Modes in LLM-based Statutory Question Answering EDGE-OPD: Internalizing Privileged Context with Evidence Guided On-Policy Distillation ARES: Automated Rubric Synthesis for Scalable LLM Reinforcement Learning SSDAU: Structured Semantic Data Augmentation for Joint Entity and Relation Extraction Naturalistic measure of social norms alignment Articulatory strategy as a source of variation in acoustic vowel dynamics When Planning Fails Despite Correct Execution: On Epistemic Calibration for LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems EquiSumm : A Gender Bias-Aware Framework for Inclusive Tweet Summarization Metacognition as Reward: Reinforcing LLM Reasoning via Knowledge and Regulation Signals From Correctness to Preference: A Framework for Personalized Agentic Reinforcement Learning Cultural Adaptation in Large Language Models for Political Discourse Emotion Recognition in Sign Language Conversation ClimateChat-300K: A Multi-Modal Facebook Dataset for Understanding Diverse Perspectives in Climate Communication AraHopeCorpus: Annotation Guidelines and Dataset for Hope Speech in Arabic Social Media Crisis Discourse Human-in-the-Loop Multi-Agent Ventilator Decision Support with Contextual Bandit Preference Learning Convergence Without Understanding: When Language Models Agree on Representations but Disagree on Reasoning DART: Semantic Recoverability for Structured Tool Agents Ontological Knowledge Blocks: Executable Compliance and Profile-Based Validation for Trustworthy AI Systems Parallel Context Compaction for Long-Horizon LLM Agent Serving
Post-Hoc Robustness for Model-Based Reinforcement Learning
Siemen Herremans, Ali Anwar, Siegfried Mercelis · 2026-06-02 · via cs updates on arXiv.org

To improve the real-world applicability of reinforcement learning (RL), the field of adversarially robust RL studies how to train agents under adversarial environment perturbations. In this setting, a protagonist agent optimizes a policy under environmental perturbations from an adversary, resulting in a zero-sum Markov game. When adversarially robust RL is combined with model-based RL, the adversary can target a learned transition model instead of the training environment. Extending this idea, this work introduces post-hoc robustification of deep RL agents at inference time. By using the learned model in combination with a trained nominal policy, our approach performs a robust policy improvement step. The goal is to improve robustness without any additional training of neural networks. Specifically, we utilize model-predictive control under adversarial rollouts, which are approximated via projected gradient descent within a bounded uncertainty set. Furthermore, these offline rollouts are performed while considering and mitigating out-of-distribution issues. The proposed methodology is validated by demonstrating significant improvements in robustness when the algorithm is evaluated in perturbed Gymnasium MuJoCo environments, while considering the computational limitations of the post-hoc inference setting.