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cs.CV updates on arXiv.org

ClawGUI: A Unified Framework for Training, Evaluating, and Deploying GUI Agents On the Robustness of Watermarking for Autoregressive Image Generation Revisiting Compositionality in Dual-Encoder Vision-Language Models: The Role of Inference Anthropogenic Regional Adaptation in Multimodal Vision-Language Model From Redaction to Restoration: Deep Learning for Medical Image Anonymization and Reconstruction The Salami Slicing Threat: Exploiting Cumulative Risks in LLM Systems BoxTuning: Directly Injecting the Object Box for Multimodal Model Fine-Tuning Semantic-Geometric Dual Compression: Training-Free Visual Token Reduction for Ultra-High-Resolution Remote Sensing Understanding Lightweight Low-Light Image Enhancement via Distribution-Normalizing Preprocessing and Depthwise U-Net Back to the Barn with LLAMAs: Evolving Pretrained LLM Backbones in Finetuning Vision Language Models Pseudo-Unification: Entropy Probing Reveals Divergent Information Patterns in Unified Multimodal Models QShield: Securing Neural Networks Against Adversarial Attacks using Quantum Circuits Evaluating the Impact of Medical Image Reconstruction on Downstream AI Fairness and Performance Retinal Cyst Detection from Optical Coherence Tomography Images LoViF 2026 The First Challenge on Weather Removal in Videos STORM: End-to-End Referring Multi-Object Tracking in Videos Data-Efficient Surgical Phase Segmentation in Small-Incision Cataract Surgery: A Controlled Study of Vision Foundation Models Rethinking the Diffusion Model from a Langevin Perspective Zero-shot World Models Are Developmentally Efficient Learners Edu-MMBias: A Three-Tier Multimodal Benchmark for Auditing Social Bias in Vision-Language Models under Educational Contexts VGA-Bench: A Unified Benchmark and Multi-Model Framework for Video Aesthetics and Generation Quality Evaluation Degradation-Consistent Paired Training for Robust AI-Generated Image Detection FREE-Switch: Frequency-based Dynamic LoRA Switch for Style Transfer Demographic and Linguistic Bias Evaluation in Omnimodal Language Models FlowPalm: Optical Flow Driven Non-Rigid Deformation for Geometrically Diverse Palmprint Generation Cross-Cultural Value Awareness in Large Vision-Language Models I Walk the Line: Examining the Role of Gestalt Continuity in Object Binding for Vision Transformers GLEaN: A Text-to-image Bias Detection Approach for Public Comprehension From UAV Imagery to Agronomic Reasoning: A Multimodal LLM Benchmark for Plant Phenotyping Not Your Stereo-Typical Estimator: Combining Vision and Language for Volume Perception
Memorization In Stable Diffusion Is Unexpectedly Driven b...
Bumjun Kim, Albert No · 2026-04-06 · via cs.CV updates on arXiv.org

Understanding how textual embeddings contribute to memorization in text-to-image diffusion models is crucial for both interpretability and safety. This paper investigates an unexpected behavior of CLIP embeddings in Stable Diffusion, revealing that the model disproportionately relies on specific embeddings. We categorize input tokens as <startoftext>, <prompt>, <endoftext> and <pad> with corresponding embeddings $\mathbf{v}^{\mathbf{sot}}, \mathbf{v}^{\mathbf{pr}}, \mathbf{v}^{\mathbf{eot}}, \mathbf{v}^{\mathbf{pad}}$. We discover that $\mathbf{v}^{\mathbf{pr}}$ contribute minimally to generation in memorized cases. In contrast, $\mathbf{v}^{\mathbf{pad}}$ strongly affect memorization due to their structural duplication of $\mathbf{v}^{\mathbf{eot}}$, the only embedding explicitly optimized during CLIP training. This duplication unintentionally amplifies the influence of $\mathbf{v}^{\mathbf{eot}}$, causing the model to over-rely on it, thereby driving memorization. Based on these observations, we propose two simple yet effective inference-time mitigation strategies: (1) Replacing the tokenizer's default <pad> from <eot> to the ! token before embedding, and masking the $\mathbf{v}^{\mathbf{eot}}$; (2) Partial masking of $\mathbf{v}^{\mathbf{pad}}$. Both suppress memorization without degrading quality, and are readily deployable without prior detection.