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cs.CL updates on arXiv.org

Playing Along: Learning a Double-Agent Defender for Belief Steering via Theory of Mind RPA-Check: A Multi-Stage Automated Framework for Evaluating Dynamic LLM-based Role-Playing Agents A Triadic Suffix Tokenization Scheme for Numerical Reasoning Hidden Measurement Error in LLM Pipelines Distorts Annotation, Evaluation, and Benchmarking Synthius-Mem: Brain-Inspired Hallucination-Resistant Persona Memory Achieving 94.4% Memory Accuracy and 99.6% Adversarial Robustness on LoCoMo Time is Not a Label: Continuous Phase Rotation for Temporal Knowledge Graphs and Agentic Memory NovBench: Evaluating Large Language Models on Academic Paper Novelty Assessment Policy Split: Incentivizing Dual-Mode Exploration in LLM Reinforcement with Dual-Mode Entropy Regularization METER: Evaluating Multi-Level Contextual Causal Reasoning in Large Language Models Think Before you Write: QA-Guided Reasoning for Character Descriptions in Books METRO: Towards Strategy Induction from Expert Dialogue Transcripts for Non-collaborative Dialogues Retrieval as Generation: A Unified Framework with Self-Triggered Information Planning Do LLMs Know Tool Irrelevance? Demystifying Structural Alignment Bias in Tool Invocations Enhancing Multimodal Large Language Models for Ancient Chinese Character Evolution Analysis via Glyph-Driven Fine-Tuning Polyglot Teachers: Evaluating Language Models for Multilingual Synthetic Data Generation Exploring Knowledge Conflicts for Faithful LLM Reasoning: Benchmark and Method CocoaBench: Evaluating Unified Digital Agents in the Wild MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis Evaluating Memory Capability in Continuous Lifelog Scenario How Robust Are Large Language Models for Clinical Numeracy? An Empirical Study on Numerical Reasoning Abilities in Clinical Contexts Efficient Training for Cross-lingual Speech Language Models Shared Emotion Geometry Across Small Language Models: A Cross-Architecture Study of Representation, Behavior, and Methodological Confounds A Systematic Analysis of the Impact of Persona Steering on LLM Capabilities Uncertainty-Aware Web-Conditioned Scientific Fact-Checking When Valid Signals Fail: Regime Boundaries Between LLM Features and RL Trading Policies When Verification Fails: How Compositionally Infeasible Claims Escape Rejection Mem$^2$Evolve: Towards Self-Evolving Agents via Co-Evolutionary Capability Expansion and Experience Distillation AOP-Smart: A RAG-Enhanced Large Language Model Framework for Adverse Outcome Pathway Analysis OccuBench: Evaluating AI Agents on Real-World Professional Tasks via Language Environment Simulation Advancing Polish Language Modeling through Tokenizer Optimization in the Bielik v3 7B and 11B Series
Not All Tokens Matter Equally: Dynamic In-context Vector ...
Ning Wu, Rui Liu, Xinkun Lin, Weixing Chen, Jinxi Xiang, Tao Wei · 2026-05-26 · via cs.CL updates on arXiv.org

Distilling demonstration effects into hidden-space interventions offers a lightweight alternative to full finetuning. However, existing multimodal variants are mostly evaluated on short-form tasks, where outputs end after a few tokens. Extending these methods to long-form generation exposes a fundamental yet underexamined limitation: token-level distillation implicitly treats all output tokens as equally informative, but long-form outputs are dominated by high-frequency template and grammatical tokens, while the tokens that actually determine output quality are sparsely distributed. In medical report generation (MRG), two such decisive tokens stand out: pathology-related tokens that determine diagnostic content, and the end-of-sequence (EOS) event that determines termination. Both receive insufficient supervision under uniform cross-entropy, and autoregressive decoding further compounds the problem by drifting away from teacher-forced trajectories. We propose DIVE, a frozen-backbone distillation framework that addresses long-form report generation through two complementary mechanisms matched to these failures. Decisive-token supervision restores supervision balance by upweighting the cross-entropy contribution of pathology-related tokens and the EOS event, ensuring that content fidelity and termination are learned during training rather than imposed at decoding time. State-conditioned dynamic steering replaces fixed open-loop residuals with hidden-state-dependent adapters, allowing the injected signal to adapt as decoding drifts. Experiments on MIMIC-CXR and CheXpert Plus with two medical VLM backbones show that DIVE consistently ranks among the strongest methods across lexical and clinical-proxy metrics. Our method achieves the best BLEU-4, ROUGE-L, and RadGraph F1 in all dataset--backbone settings, while remaining competitive on coarse label-level CheXbert F1.