有很多种方法可以用来找出哪些SQL语句需要优化，但是很久以来，最简单的方法都是分析保存在V$SQL视图中的缓存的SQL信息。通过V$SQL视图，可以确定具有高消耗时间、CUP和IO读取的SQL语句。

查询最近一小时内最慢的SQL:

select executions, cpu_time/1e6 as cpu_sec, elapsed_time/1e6 as elapsed_sec, round(elapsed_time/sqrt(executions)) as important, v.* 
from v$sql v 
where executions > 10 and last_load_time > to_char(sysdate - 1/24, 'YYYY-MM-DD/HH:MI:SS')  
order by important desc

2.查看CPU消耗时间最多的前10条SQL语句
select *
from (select v.sql_id,
v.child_number,
v.sql_text,
v.elapsed_time,
v.cpu_time,
v.disk_reads,
rank() over(order by v.cpu_time desc) elapsed_rank
from v$sql v) a
where elapsed_rank <= 10;

3.查看消耗磁盘读取最多的前10条SQL语句
select *
from (select v.sql_id,
v.child_number,
v.sql_text,
v.elapsed_time,
v.cpu_time,
v.disk_reads,
rank() over(order by v.disk_reads desc) elapsed_rank
from v$sql v) a
where elapsed_rank <= 10;