包管理工具：
dpkg
apt-get  -f install
apt-get update
apt-get install pakagename
dselect  etc

Config Debian System：
apt-get usage：

✦

update retrieves the available packages from the list of sources and updates
the local database to reflect the available packages.
✦ install retrieves and installs all specified packages, plus any dependencies
required for those packages.
✦ upgrade installs the most recent version of every package on your system,
while doing its best not to make any changes to the system. This does not
take into account dependencies.
✦ dist-upgrade works like upgrade, but changes the installation status of
dependencies.
✦ dselect-upgrade works together with dselect. It reads the dselect status
databases and makes changes based on the results.