It’s a complicated conundrum. On one hand, yeah, open book tests, LLMs, … are definitely depriving people of tools. I sometimes give catch-up lessons for high schoolers in maths, like once a month or so. Those are typically kids who’ll get into maths-intensive studies afterwards. And each time one asks “why would I bother learning it by heart? I’ll have the books, AI, …”. I ask them “how would you calculate the size of the earth, just like that, without using any computer, calculator, just by...