You’ve probably heard the anti-meth ad campaign slogan before: “Meth: Not Even Once.” The idea is that doing meth just one time can potentially ruin your life, which, given what little I know about meth, it does not seem like a casual thing you do to blow off some steam from time to time. It’s a lifetime commitment, for as short as that lifetime may be because of it. While that may ring true for methamphetamine, newer research suggests a very different story when it comes to psychedelics like psilocybin, the active compound in magic mushrooms.

A study published in Nature Communications found that a single controlled dose of psilocybin may actually lead to measurable, and potentially positive, changes in the brain. Researchers observed these effects in healthy volunteers who had never taken psychedelics before, tracking both their brain activity and psychological state over time.

Using imaging techniques like MRI and diffusion tensor imaging, scientists found that participants showed changes in the structure of nerve pathways even a month after taking a single 25 mg dose. Some brain tracts appeared denser or reorganized, suggesting a kind of neural plasticity, which essentially means the brain is adapting and rewiring itself. It’s a fascinating discovery since those patterns tend to decline as we age or when a person develops a neurological disease like Alzheimer’s.

A Flexible Brain Is a Happy Brain

In the short term after a dose of psilocybin, brain activity becomes more “entropic,” meaning it becomes more flexible, being able to more easily break out of repetitive thought loops and be open to exploring new ideas. Study participants who showed the biggest increase in brain flexibility were also the ones who reported better well-being, deeper insight, and improved mental clarity weeks later.

It’s just one study, and it is a small one, but it seems like using psilocybin just once declutters your brain and has you feeling better than you felt in a while, further supporting the idea of using psychedelics as a therapy for treating conditions like depression, anxiety, and addiction.

Studies like this one continue to point in the same direction; it seems like there are definitely some drugs that might destroy your brain, but others, when taken in moderation and under a doctor’s trained eye, might leave you with a better, more organized brain on the other side of the high.