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Quantitative Movement Testing: Measuring Patient Movements from a Single Smartphone Video Vision-Language Models Suppress Female Representations Under Ambiguous Input The New Social Image: How AI Competency and AI Proactivity Influence Self- and Peer-Perceptions in the Workplace TUX: Measuring Human--AI Tacit Understanding LLUMI: Improving LLM Writing Assistance for Mental Health Support with Online Community Feedback VideoFDB: Evaluating Full-Duplex Vision-Speech Capabilities in Conversational Agents Label Over Logic? How Source Cues Bias Human Fallacy Judgments More Than LLMs Inform, Coach, Relate, Listen: Auditing LLM Caregiving Support Roles How Coding Agents Fail Their Users: A Large-Scale Analysis of Developer-Agent Misalignment in 20,574 Real-World Sessions MetaRanker: Human-in-the-loop Active Ranking for Metalens Image Quality Analyzing Persona Effects in Generated Explanations from Multimodal LLM Agents in Urban Perception First head-to-head comparison of agentic AI applied to the analysis of simulated data of the Einstein Telescope Granuscore: A Reference-Free Measure of Granularity for Text Analysis and Question Answering The Timing Dependencies of Trust: Speed, Accuracy, and cBCI Neuro-Decoupling in Human-AI Teams Bayesian Distributional Models of Executive Functioning Visual Matters: Connecting Aesthetic Appeal and Production Quality of Photos, Infographics and Data Visualizations to Credibility of Social Media Posts Data-driven Head Motion Generation through Natural Gaze-Head Coordination Agreement Metrics for LLM-as-Judge Evaluation: What to Report and Why Perceptually Lossless Tactile Texture Synthesis with Compact Spectral Envelope Models MambaGaze: Bidirectional Mamba with Explicit Missing Data Modeling for Cognitive Load Assessment from Eye-Gaze Tracking Data CogAdapt: Transferring Clinical ECG Foundation Models to Wearable Cognitive Load Assessment via Lead Adaptation Augmented Analytics and Decision Quality: The Role of Trust among Non-Technical BI Users Faster Completion, Less Learning: Generative AI Reduced Study Time on Math Problems and the Knowledge They Build PaintCopilot: Modeling Painting as Autonomous Artistic Continuation Personality Engineering with AI Agents: A New Methodology for Negotiation Research PULSE: Agentic Investigation with Passive Sensing for Proactive Intervention in Cancer Survivorship Access Timing as Scaffolding: A Reinforcement Learning Approach to GenAI in Education Conversations in Space: Structuring Non-Linear LLM Interactions on a Canvas MAPLE: Self-Supervised Learning-Enhanced Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction for Visual Analysis nASR: An End-to-End Trainable Neural Layer for Channel-Level EEG Artifact Subspace Reconstruction in Real-Time BCI
Is Ignorance Bliss? The Role of Post Hoc Explanation Fait...
Tessa Han, Yasha Ektefaie, Maha Farhat, Marinka Zitnik, Himabind · 2023-12-10 · via cs.HC updates on arXiv.org

Post hoc explanations have emerged as a way to improve user trust in machine learning models by providing insight into model decision-making. However, explanations tend to be evaluated based on their alignment with prior knowledge while the faithfulness of an explanation with respect to the model, a fundamental criterion, is often overlooked. Furthermore, the effect of explanation faithfulness and alignment on user trust and whether this effect differs among laypeople and domain experts is unclear. To investigate these questions, we conduct a user study with computer science students and doctors in three domain areas, controlling the laypeople and domain expert groups in each setting. The results indicate that laypeople base their trust in explanations on explanation faithfulness while domain experts base theirs on explanation alignment. To our knowledge, this work is the first to show that (1) different factors affect laypeople and domain experts' trust in post hoc explanations and (2) domain experts are subject to specific biases due to their expertise when interpreting post hoc explanations. By uncovering this phenomenon and exposing this cognitive bias, this work motivates the need to educate end users about how to properly interpret explanations and overcome their own cognitive biases, and motivates the development of simple and interpretable faithfulness metrics for end users. This research is particularly important and timely as post hoc explanations are increasingly being used in high-stakes, real-world settings such as medicine.