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cs.HC updates on arXiv.org

Quantitative Movement Testing: Measuring Patient Movements from a Single Smartphone Video Vision-Language Models Suppress Female Representations Under Ambiguous Input The New Social Image: How AI Competency and AI Proactivity Influence Self- and Peer-Perceptions in the Workplace TUX: Measuring Human--AI Tacit Understanding LLUMI: Improving LLM Writing Assistance for Mental Health Support with Online Community Feedback VideoFDB: Evaluating Full-Duplex Vision-Speech Capabilities in Conversational Agents Label Over Logic? How Source Cues Bias Human Fallacy Judgments More Than LLMs Inform, Coach, Relate, Listen: Auditing LLM Caregiving Support Roles How Coding Agents Fail Their Users: A Large-Scale Analysis of Developer-Agent Misalignment in 20,574 Real-World Sessions MetaRanker: Human-in-the-loop Active Ranking for Metalens Image Quality Analyzing Persona Effects in Generated Explanations from Multimodal LLM Agents in Urban Perception First head-to-head comparison of agentic AI applied to the analysis of simulated data of the Einstein Telescope Granuscore: A Reference-Free Measure of Granularity for Text Analysis and Question Answering The Timing Dependencies of Trust: Speed, Accuracy, and cBCI Neuro-Decoupling in Human-AI Teams Bayesian Distributional Models of Executive Functioning Visual Matters: Connecting Aesthetic Appeal and Production Quality of Photos, Infographics and Data Visualizations to Credibility of Social Media Posts Data-driven Head Motion Generation through Natural Gaze-Head Coordination Agreement Metrics for LLM-as-Judge Evaluation: What to Report and Why Perceptually Lossless Tactile Texture Synthesis with Compact Spectral Envelope Models MambaGaze: Bidirectional Mamba with Explicit Missing Data Modeling for Cognitive Load Assessment from Eye-Gaze Tracking Data CogAdapt: Transferring Clinical ECG Foundation Models to Wearable Cognitive Load Assessment via Lead Adaptation Augmented Analytics and Decision Quality: The Role of Trust among Non-Technical BI Users Faster Completion, Less Learning: Generative AI Reduced Study Time on Math Problems and the Knowledge They Build PaintCopilot: Modeling Painting as Autonomous Artistic Continuation Personality Engineering with AI Agents: A New Methodology for Negotiation Research PULSE: Agentic Investigation with Passive Sensing for Proactive Intervention in Cancer Survivorship Access Timing as Scaffolding: A Reinforcement Learning Approach to GenAI in Education Conversations in Space: Structuring Non-Linear LLM Interactions on a Canvas MAPLE: Self-Supervised Learning-Enhanced Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction for Visual Analysis nASR: An End-to-End Trainable Neural Layer for Channel-Level EEG Artifact Subspace Reconstruction in Real-Time BCI
Modeling the Centaur: Human-Machine Synergy in Sequential...
David Shoresh, Yonatan Loewenstein · 2024-12-25 · via cs.HC updates on arXiv.org

The field of collective intelligence studies how teams can achieve better results than any of the team members alone. The special case of human-machine teams carries unique challenges in this regard. For example, human teams often achieve synergy by communicating to discover their relative advantages, which is not an option if the team partner is an unexplainable deep neural network. Between 2005-2008 a set of "freestyle" chess tournaments were held, in which human-machine teams known as "centaurs", outperformed the best humans and best machines alone. Centaur players reported that they identified relative advantages between themselves and their chess program, even though the program was superhuman. Inspired by this and leveraging recent open-source models, we study human-machine like teams in chess. A human behavioral clone ("Maia") and a pure self-play RL-trained chess engine ("Leela") were composed into a team using a Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture. By directing our research question at the selection mechanism of the MoE, we could isolate the issue of extracting relative advantages without knowledge sharing. We show that in principle, there is high potential for synergy between human and machine in a complex sequential decision environment such as chess. Furthermore, we show that an expert can identify only a small part of these relative advantages, and that the contribution of its subject matter expertise in doing so saturates quickly. This is probably due to the "curse of knowledge" phenomenon. We also train a network to recognize relative advantages using reinforcement learning, without chess expertise, and it outdoes the expert. Our experiments are repeated in asymmetric teams, in which identifying relative advantages is more challenging. Our findings contribute to the study of collective intelligence and human-centric AI.