Artificial Intelligence (AI) in recent years has shown an unprecedentedly impressive development, tending to play a catalytic role in all aspects of life. The interest of the academic community, but also of governments, is huge in the dynamics of AI and is reflected by the truly explosive amount of investment and research that is underway. Enthusiastic opinions and statements about AI are made every day, but at the same time they also bring to the fore alarming predictions about its effects. This paper aims to describe the opportunities emerging from the use of artificial intelligence and ChatGPT to improve education, but also to identify the challenges and ethical issues that arise.