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cs.HC updates on arXiv.org

From Prompt to Service: An SLM-Based Agent Orchestration Gateway for AI-Driven Virtual Worlds What LLMs Must Forget to Teach Effectively: A DIY Approach to Premodern Japanese Language Pedagogy Quantitative Movement Testing: Measuring Patient Movements from a Single Smartphone Video Vision-Language Models Suppress Female Representations Under Ambiguous Input The New Social Image: How AI Competency and AI Proactivity Influence Self- and Peer-Perceptions in the Workplace TUX: Measuring Human--AI Tacit Understanding LLUMI: Improving LLM Writing Assistance for Mental Health Support with Online Community Feedback VideoFDB: Evaluating Full-Duplex Vision-Speech Capabilities in Conversational Agents Label Over Logic? How Source Cues Bias Human Fallacy Judgments More Than LLMs Inform, Coach, Relate, Listen: Auditing LLM Caregiving Support Roles How Coding Agents Fail Their Users: A Large-Scale Analysis of Developer-Agent Misalignment in 20,574 Real-World Sessions MetaRanker: Human-in-the-loop Active Ranking for Metalens Image Quality Analyzing Persona Effects in Generated Explanations from Multimodal LLM Agents in Urban Perception First head-to-head comparison of agentic AI applied to the analysis of simulated data of the Einstein Telescope Granuscore: A Reference-Free Measure of Granularity for Text Analysis and Question Answering The Timing Dependencies of Trust: Speed, Accuracy, and cBCI Neuro-Decoupling in Human-AI Teams Bayesian Distributional Models of Executive Functioning Visual Matters: Connecting Aesthetic Appeal and Production Quality of Photos, Infographics and Data Visualizations to Credibility of Social Media Posts Data-driven Head Motion Generation through Natural Gaze-Head Coordination Agreement Metrics for LLM-as-Judge Evaluation: What to Report and Why Perceptually Lossless Tactile Texture Synthesis with Compact Spectral Envelope Models MambaGaze: Bidirectional Mamba with Explicit Missing Data Modeling for Cognitive Load Assessment from Eye-Gaze Tracking Data CogAdapt: Transferring Clinical ECG Foundation Models to Wearable Cognitive Load Assessment via Lead Adaptation Augmented Analytics and Decision Quality: The Role of Trust among Non-Technical BI Users Faster Completion, Less Learning: Generative AI Reduced Study Time on Math Problems and the Knowledge They Build PaintCopilot: Modeling Painting as Autonomous Artistic Continuation Personality Engineering with AI Agents: A New Methodology for Negotiation Research PULSE: Agentic Investigation with Passive Sensing for Proactive Intervention in Cancer Survivorship Access Timing as Scaffolding: A Reinforcement Learning Approach to GenAI in Education MAPLE: Self-Supervised Learning-Enhanced Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction for Visual Analysis
Towards Democratization of Subspeciality Medical Expertise
Jack W. O'Sullivan, Anil Palepu, Khaled Saab, Wei-Hung Weng, Yon · 2024-10-01 · via cs.HC updates on arXiv.org

The scarcity of subspecialist medical expertise, particularly in rare, complex and life-threatening diseases, poses a significant challenge for healthcare delivery. This issue is particularly acute in cardiology where timely, accurate management determines outcomes. We explored the potential of AMIE (Articulate Medical Intelligence Explorer), a large language model (LLM)-based experimental AI system optimized for diagnostic dialogue, to potentially augment and support clinical decision-making in this challenging context. We curated a real-world dataset of 204 complex cases from a subspecialist cardiology practice, including results for electrocardiograms, echocardiograms, cardiac MRI, genetic tests, and cardiopulmonary stress tests. We developed a ten-domain evaluation rubric used by subspecialists to evaluate the quality of diagnosis and clinical management plans produced by general cardiologists or AMIE, the latter enhanced with web-search and self-critique capabilities. AMIE was rated superior to general cardiologists for 5 of the 10 domains (with preference ranging from 9% to 20%), and equivalent for the rest. Access to AMIE's response improved cardiologists' overall response quality in 63.7% of cases while lowering quality in just 3.4%. Cardiologists' responses with access to AMIE were superior to cardiologist responses without access to AMIE for all 10 domains. Qualitative examinations suggest AMIE and general cardiologist could complement each other, with AMIE thorough and sensitive, while general cardiologist concise and specific. Overall, our results suggest that specialized medical LLMs have the potential to augment general cardiologists' capabilities by bridging gaps in subspecialty expertise, though further research and validation are essential for wide clinical utility.