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cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
Dynamic Breadth First Search with Predictions
Shahbaz Khan, Shubham Kumar Verma, Utkarsh Lohiya · 2026-05-31 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

Given a graph $G(V,E)$ having $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, we maintain its Breadth-First Search (BFS) tree from source $s$ under an online sequence of edge updates in the prediction model. Our approach leverages a predicted update sequence aiding online processing. We present algorithms for incremental (insertions-only), decremental (deletions-only), and fully dynamic (insertions and deletions) settings that maintain a BFS tree (parent and level information). Classically, the incremental and decremental BFS tree requires total $O(mn)$ time [JACM81], with amortized $O(n)$ and worst-case $O(m)$ update time. The combinatorial BMM conjecture restricts any polynomial improvement [FOCS14] even when the updates are known in advance [STOC15]. For fully dynamic BFS trees, only the trivial $O(m)$ time recomputation is known. Our complexity bounds are expressed in prediction error measures, where error vertices are those having incorrectly predicted distances, with the corresponding difference as their error. The vertex prediction error $η_{v}$ is the sum of degrees of error vertices, weighted vertex prediction error $η^*_{v}$ is error-weighted sum of degrees of error vertices, and $η_e$ counts the incorrectly predicted updates. For incremental and decremental BFS, our algorithm requires respectively $O(η_v + η_e)$ and $O(\min\{m,η^*_v + η_e\})$ worst case update time using $O(mn)$ preprocessing time and space, and total update time of $O(η^*_v + η_e)$. For fully-dynamic updates, our algorithm requires $O(\min\{m,η^*_v+η_e\})$ worst case update time. At its core, we extend the classical ES Trees [JACM81] for batch updates and fully dynamic updates. This simple extension is sufficient to give a competitive prediction algorithm, which may be generalized to other graph problems. We also consider space optimizations and error correction to improve our results.