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cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
Fast Similarity Sketching
Søren Dahlgaard, Mathias Bæk Tejs Langhede, Jakob Bæk Tejs Houen · 2017-04-14 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

We consider the $\textit{Similarity Sketching}$ problem: Given a universe $[u] = \{0,\ldots, u-1\}$ we want a random function $S$ mapping subsets $A\subseteq [u]$ into vectors $S(A)$ of size $t$, such that the Jaccard similarity $J(A,B) = |A\cap B|/|A\cup B|$ between sets $A$ and $B$ is preserved. More precisely, define $X_i = [S(A)[i] = S(B)[i]]$ and $X = \sum_{i\in [t]} X_i$. We want $E[X_i]=J(A,B)$, and we want $X$ to be strongly concentrated around $E[X] = t \cdot J(A,B)$ (i.e. Chernoff-style bounds). This is a fundamental problem which has found numerous applications in data mining, large-scale classification, computer vision, similarity search, etc. via the classic MinHash algorithm. The vectors $S(A)$ are also called $\textit{sketches}$. Strong concentration is critical, for often we want to sketch many sets $B_1,\ldots,B_n$ so that we later, for a query set $A$, can find (one of) the most similar $B_i$. It is then critical that no $B_i$ looks much more similar to $A$ due to errors in the sketch. The seminal $t\times\textit{MinHash}$ algorithm uses $t$ random hash functions $h_1,\ldots, h_t$, and stores $\left ( \min_{a\in A} h_1(A),\ldots, \min_{a\in A} h_t(A) \right )$ as the sketch of $A$. The main drawback of MinHash is, however, its $O(t\cdot |A|)$ running time, and finding a sketch with similar properties and faster running time has been the subject of several papers. (continued...)