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cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
A Quasi-Monte Carlo Data Structure for Smooth Kernel Eval...
Moses Charikar, Michael Kapralov, Erik Waingarten · 2024-01-05 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

In the kernel density estimation (KDE) problem one is given a kernel $K(x, y)$ and a dataset $P$ of points in a Euclidean space, and must prepare a data structure that can quickly answer density queries: given a point $q$, output a $(1+ε)$-approximation to $μ:=\frac1{|P|}\sum_{p\in P} K(p, q)$. The classical approach to KDE is the celebrated fast multipole method of [Greengard and Rokhlin]. The fast multipole method combines a basic space partitioning approach with a multidimensional Taylor expansion, which yields a $\approx \log^d (n/ε)$ query time (exponential in the dimension $d$). A recent line of work initiated by [Charikar and Siminelakis] achieved polynomial dependence on $d$ via a combination of random sampling and randomized space partitioning, with [Backurs et al.] giving an efficient data structure with query time $\approx \mathrm{poly}{\log(1/μ)}/ε^2$ for smooth kernels. Quadratic dependence on $ε$, inherent to the sampling methods, is prohibitively expensive for small $ε$. This issue is addressed by quasi-Monte Carlo methods in numerical analysis. The high level idea in quasi-Monte Carlo methods is to replace random sampling with a discrepancy based approach -- an idea recently applied to coresets for KDE by [Phillips and Tai]. The work of Phillips and Tai gives a space efficient data structure with query complexity $\approx 1/(εμ)$. This is polynomially better in $1/ε$, but exponentially worse in $1/μ$. We achieve the best of both: a data structure with $\approx \mathrm{poly}{\log(1/μ)}/ε$ query time for smooth kernel KDE. Our main insight is a new way to combine discrepancy theory with randomized space partitioning inspired by, but significantly more efficient than, that of the fast multipole methods. We hope that our techniques will find further applications to linear algebra for kernel matrices.