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cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
Parameterized Maximum Node-Disjoint Paths
Michael Lampis, Manolis Vasilakis · 2024-04-23 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

We revisit the Maximum Node-Disjoint Paths problem, the natural optimization version of Node-Disjoint Paths, where we are given a graph $G$, $k$ pairs of vertices $(s_i, t_i)$ and an integer $\ell$, and are asked whether there exist at least $\ell$ vertex-disjoint paths in $G$ whose endpoints are given pairs. We present several results, with an emphasis towards FPT approximation. Our main positive contribution is to show that the problem's intractability can be overcome using approximation and that for several of the structural parameters for which the problem is hard, most notably tree-depth, it admits an efficient FPT approximation scheme, returning a $(1-\varepsilon)$-approximate solution in time $f(td,\varepsilon)n^{O(1)}$. We manage to obtain these results by comprehensively mapping out the structural parameters for which the problem is FPT if $\ell$ is also a parameter, hence showing that understanding $\ell$ as a parameter is key to the problem's approximability. This, in turn, is a problem we are able to solve via a surprisingly simple color-coding algorithm, which relies on identifying an insightful problem-specific variant of the natural parameter, namely the number of vertices used in the solution. A natural question is whether the FPT approximation algorithm we devised for tree-depth can be extended to pathwidth. We resolve this negatively, showing that under the Parameterized Inapproximability Hypothesis no FPT approximation scheme for this parameter is possible, even in time $f(pw,\varepsilon)n^{g(\varepsilon)}$, thus precisely determining the parameter border where the problem transitions from ``hard but approximable'' to ``inapproximable''. Lastly, we strengthen existing lower bounds by replacing W[1]-hardness by XNLP-completeness for parameter pathwidth, and improving the $n^{o(\sqrt{td})}$ ETH-based lower bound for tree-depth to $n^{o(td)}$.