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PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
On the Probe Complexity of Local Computation Algorithms
Uriel Feige, Boaz Patt-Shamir, Shai Vardi · 2017-03-23 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

The Local Computation Algorithms (LCA) model is a computational model aimed at problem instances with huge inputs and output. For graph problems, the input graph is accessed using probes: strong probes (SP) specify a vertex $v$ and receive as a reply a list of $v$'s neighbors, and weak probes (WP) specify a vertex $v$ and a port number $i$ and receive as a reply $v$'s $i^{th}$ neighbor. Given a local query (e.g., "is a certain vertex in the vertex cover of the input graph?"), an LCA should compute the corresponding local output (e.g., "yes" or "no") while making only a small number of probes, with the requirement that all local outputs form a single global solution (e.g., a legal vertex cover). We study the probe complexity of LCAs that are required to work on graphs that may have arbitrarily large degrees. In particular, such LCAs are expected to probe the graph a number of times that is significantly smaller than the maximum, average, or even minimum degree. For weak probes, we focus on the weak coloring problem. Among our results we show a separation between weak 3-coloring and weak 2-coloring for deterministic LCAs: $\log^* n + O(1)$ weak probes suffice for weak 3-coloring, but $Ω\left(\frac{\log n}{\log\log n}\right)$ weak probes are required for weak 2-coloring. For strong probes, we consider randomized LCAs for vertex cover and maximal/maximum matching. Our negative results include showing that there are graphs for which finding a \emph{maximal} matching requires $Ω(\sqrt{n})$ strong probes. On the positive side, we design a randomized LCA that finds a $(1-ε)$ approximation to \emph{maximum} matching in regular graphs, and uses $\frac{1}{ε}^{O\left( \frac{1}{ε^2}\right)}$ probes, independently of the number of vertices and of their degrees.