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PAC Learning with Bandit Feedback: Sharp Sample Complexity in the Realizable Setting Algorithms with Polynomially-Improved Approximation Factors for the $2 \rightarrow q$ Norm, and Applications A computational phase transition for learning-to-sample from Ising models Covering vertices by sequential stars Fermi-Dirac machines as quantizations of neurons A Comprehensive Evaluation of Vertex Elimination Algorithms for Algorithmic Differentiation A Tight Bound on Localization of Electrical Flows Optimal Dimension-Free Sampling for Regularized Classification Reducing the Randomness in Partition Oracles for Bounded Degree Minor-Free Graphs Beyond the Half-Approximation: Fair and Efficient Online Class Matching Efficient Uniform Sampling of Surjections via their Profiles Tractable Maximization of Budgeted Phylogenetic Diversity on Networks Utilizing Node Scanwidth Fairness in Aggregation: Optimal Top-$k$ and Improved Full Ranking Learning-Augmented Online Scheduling with Parsimonious Preemption Entropy Equivalence Testing Lumberjack: Better Differentially Private Random Forests through Heavy Hitter Detection in Trees The Secretary Problem with a Stochastic Precursor Polynomial-Time Robust Multiclass Linear Classification under Gaussian Marginals Efficient Banzhaf-Based Data Valuation for $k$-Nearest Neighbors Classification Block-Sphere Vector Quantization An Approximation Algorithm for Graph Label Selection Iterative Chow Filtering for Learning with Distribution Shift Complexity of Non-Log-Concave Sampling in Fisher Information Stochastic Matching via Local Sparsification Finite Sample Bounds for Learning with Score Matching What is Learnable in Valiant's Theory of the Learnable? Provable Quantization with Randomized Hadamard Transform Min-Max Optimization Requires Exponentially Many Queries Fast and Compact Graph Cuts for the Boykov-Kolmogorov Algorithm A proximal gradient algorithm for composite log-concave sampling
Almost-Optimal Sublinear-Time Edit Distance in the Low Di...
Karl Bringmann, Alejandro Cassis, Nick Fischer, Vasileios Nakos · 2022-02-16 · via cs.DS updates on arXiv.org

We revisit the task of computing the edit distance in sublinear time. In the $(k,K)$-gap edit distance problem the task is to distinguish whether the edit distance of two strings is at most $k$ or at least $K$. It has been established by Goldenberg, Krauthgamer and Saha (FOCS '19), with improvements by Kociumaka and Saha (FOCS '20), that the $(k,k^2)$-gap problem can be solved in time $\widetilde O(n/k+\operatorname{poly}(k))$. One of the most natural questions in this line of research is whether the $(k,k^2)$-gap is best-possible for the running time $\widetilde O(n/k+\operatorname{poly}(k))$. In this work we answer this question by significantly improving the gap. Specifically, we show that in time $O(n/k+\operatorname{poly}(k))$ we can even solve the $(k,k^{1+o(1)})$-gap problem. This is the first algorithm that breaks the $(k,k^2)$-gap in this running time. Our algorithm is almost optimal in the following sense: In the low distance regime ($k\le n^{0.19}$) our running time becomes $O(n/k)$, which matches a known $n/k^{1+o(1)}$ lower bound for the $(k,k^{1+o(1)})$-gap problem up to lower order factors. Our result also reveals a surprising similarity of Hamming distance and edit distance in the low distance regime: For both, the $(k,k^{1+o(1)})$-gap problem has time complexity $n/k^{1\pm o(1)}$ for small $k$. In contrast to previous work, which employed a subsampled variant of the Landau-Vishkin algorithm, we instead build upon the algorithm of Andoni, Krauthgamer and Onak (FOCS '10). We first simplify their approach and then show how to to effectively prune their computation tree in order to obtain a sublinear-time algorithm in the given time bound. Towards that, we use a variety of structural insights on the (local and global) patterns that can emerge during this process and design appropriate property testers to effectively detect these patterns.