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The main new ingredient is an exact loop controller for the residual dynamics. Instead of propagating scalar residual surrogates, the construction transports the residual orbit by a forward-exact state on a polygonal loop. Scalar factors and digit selectors are then recovered from this loop state by complementary CPwL readouts. The loop seam is not removed, but its remaining ambiguity is confined to the final readout/selector stage, where it is harmless because the scalar atom is supported away from the seam. This gives a homogeneous \(M\)-ary vector-valued extension of the scalar binary refinable-function construction with a more geometric controller architecture.
We also record crude exponential bounds on the network weights and biases. Affine forcing terms are handled by expanding affine iterates into finite sums of homogeneous iterates, giving exact fixed-width realizations with depth \(O(n^2)\), and anchored open curves reduce to compactly supported defects with affine anchor mismatch. We also describe homogeneous polygonal generators, including dragon-type examples and a self-intersecting Hilbert-type prototype in arbitrary dimension. The extended version includes stage-dependent forcing, finite-state stacking reductions, and further geometric constructions such as Koch-, Gosper-, Morton-, and connector-based Hilbert-type variants.
| Comments: | 39 pages, 6 figures |
| Subjects: | Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA); Machine Learning (cs.LG) |
| MSC classes: | Primary 41A46, Secondary 41A15, 42C40, 68T07 |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2605.01655 [math.CA] |
| (or arXiv:2605.01655v1 [math.CA] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.01655 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) |
From: Tsogtgerel Gantumur [view email]
[v1]
Sun, 3 May 2026 00:44:46 UTC (1,900 KB)
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