Abstract:Prenatal psychological stress affects 15-25% of pregnancies and increases risks of preterm birth, low birth weight, and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Current screening relies on subjective questionnaires (PSS-10), limiting continuous monitoring. We developed deep learning models for stress detection from electrocardiography (ECG) using the FELICITy 1 cohort (151 pregnant women, 32-38 weeks gestation). A ResNet-34 encoder was pretrained via SimCLR contrastive learning on 40,692 ECG segments per subject. Multi-layer feature extraction enabled binary classification and continuous PSS prediction across maternal (mECG), fetal (fECG), and abdominal ECG (aECG). External validation used the FELICITy 2 RCT (28 subjects, different ECG device, yoga intervention vs. control). On FELICITy 1 (5-fold CV): mECG 98.6% accuracy (R2=0.88, MAE=1.90), fECG 99.8% (R2=0.95, MAE=1.19), aECG 95.5% (R2=0.75, MAE=2.80). External validation on FELICITy 2: mECG 77.3% accuracy (R2=0.62, MAE=3.54, AUC=0.826), aECG 63.6% (R2=0.29, AUC=0.705). Signal quality-based channel selection outperformed all-channel averaging (+12% R2 improvement). Mixed-effects models detected a significant intervention response (p=0.041). Self-supervised deep learning on pregnancy ECG enables accurate, objective stress assessment, with multi-layer feature extraction substantially outperforming single embedding approaches.
| Comments: | 22 pages, 5 figures. A patent was filed by JoyBeat Medical, Inc, for the technology described (US Patent Application No.63/968,084) |
| Subjects: | Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM); Machine Learning (cs.LG) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2602.03886 [q-bio.QM] |
| (or arXiv:2602.03886v3 [q-bio.QM] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.03886 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite |
From: Martin Frasch [view email]
[v1]
Tue, 3 Feb 2026 03:51:13 UTC (235 KB)
[v2]
Fri, 6 Feb 2026 00:03:38 UTC (233 KB)
[v3]
Sun, 26 Apr 2026 16:42:57 UTC (233 KB)
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